Lungs in animals

The minor effects of hexachloroethane on organs other than the lungs in animal studies indicates that absorption does occur, but is probably minimal. Given the lipophilic nature of hexachloroethane, absorption across the lung epithelium is possible. 

TO Liver, kidneys,lungs [in animals lung, kidney, liver nasal [cavity tumors] ... 

Low toxicity metabolizes to yS-naphthylamine oral LD50 value in mice is in the range 1500 mg/kg caused tumors in kidney, liver, and lungs in animals animal limited evidence suspected human carcinogen... 

Lower aliphatic chloro- and bromoethers can be injurious to lungs. Many of these are cancer-causing to lungs in animals or humans. It is the carcinogenicity that makes some of these haloethers compounds of primary health concern. 

Propylene oxide is a primary irritant, a mild protoplasmic poison, and a mild depressant of the central nervous system. Skin contact, even in dilute solution (1%), may cause irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract, and lungs. Propylene oxide is a suspected carcinogen in animals. The LC q (lowest lethal concentration by inhalation in tats) is 4000 mg/kg body weight. The LD q (oral) is 930 mg/kg. The LD q (dermal) is 1500 mg/kg. The TWA (8-h exposure) is 100 ppm and the STEP (15-min exposure) is 150 ppm. 

Uranium can enter the human body orally, by inhalation, and through the skin and mucous membranes. Uranium compounds, both soluble and insoluble, ate absorbed most readily from the lungs. In the blood of exposed animals, uranium occurs in two forms in equiUbrium with each other as a nondiffusible complex with plasma proteins and as a diffusible bicarbonate complex (242). 

Doses calculated in animals are converted to equivalent doses in humans on the basis of comparative physiological considerations (c.g., ventilatory parameters and regional lung surface areas). Additionally, if the e.xposure period was discontinuous, it is adjusted to reflect continuous e.xposure. 

Local inflammation of the lungs and dilated alveoli were observed in rats administered 10 mg/kg/day of endosulfan in peanut oil by gavage for 15 days (Gupta and Chandra 1977). However, there was high mortality in this dose group (3 of 8 animals died prior to study termination), and it is not clear if these effects were observed primarily in the intercurrent deaths or in animals surviving for the full 15 days of exposure. 

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