Explosives silver acetylide

Silver Nitrate. Precipitates the highly sensitive explosive, silver acetylide, from silver nitrate solutions.5... 

Addition to silver nitrate solutions precipitates the dangerously explosive silver acetylide. Copper salt solutions behave similarly. See also CALCIUM HYDROXIDE and ACETYLENE. 

ARGENTUM, METALLIC (7440-22-4) Ag In powder form, contact with acetylene may form the shock-sensitive explosive silver acetylide. Contact with ammonia or ammonium compounds may form compounds that are explosive when dry. Violent decomposition may be caused by contact with fuhninic acid strong hydrogen peroxide solutions oxalic acid tartaric acid oxygen gas will be liberated. This entry may also apply to other silver salts and compounds. Evaluate before use. Many... 

The cuprous and silver acetylides are both explosive when dry. Therefore when these tests are completed, wash out the gas-jars thoroughly with water. 

Silver acetylide decomposition was studied [679] by X-ray diffraction and microscopic measurements and, although the a—time relationship was not established, comparisons of intensities of diffraction lines enabled the value of E to be estimated (170 kj mole 1). The rate-limiting step is believed to involve electron transfer and explosive properties of this compound are attributed to accumulation of solid products which catalyze the decomposition (rather than to thermal deflagration). 

Acetylene can form metal acetylides, e.g. copper or silver acetylide, which on drying become highly explosive service materials require careful selection. 

Propargyl bromide forms explosive metal acetylides when copper or its alloys, silver or mercury are present. 

Silver nitrate (or other soluble salt) reacts with acetylene in presence of ammonia to form silver acetylide, a sensitive and powerful detonator when dry. In the absence of ammonia, or when calcium acetylide is added to silver nitrate solution, explosive double salts of silver acetylide and silver nitrate are produced. Mercury(I) acetylide precipitates silver acetylide from the aqueous nitrate. 

Silver acetylide is a more powerful detonator than the copper derivative, but both will initiate explosive acetylene-containing gas mixtures [1]. It decomposes violently when heated to 120-140°C [2], Formation of a deposit of this explosive material was observed when silver-containing solutions were aspirated into an acetylene-fuelled atomic absorption spectrometer. Precautions to prevent formation are discussed [3], The effect of ageing for 16 months on the explosive properties of silver and copper acetylides has been studied. Both retain their hazardous properties for many months, and the former is the more effective in initiating acetylene explosions [4],... 

Addition of calcium acetylide to silver nitrate solution precipitates silver acetylide, a highly sensitive explosive. Copper salt solutions would behave similarly. 

Contact with silver nitrate solution transforms copper(I) acetylide into a sensitive and explosive mixture of silver acetylide and silver. 

Acetylenic compounds with replaceable acetylenically bound hydrogen atoms must be kept out of contact with copper, silver, magnesium, mercury or alloys containing them, to avoid formation of explosive metal acetylides. 

Kabanov, A. A. etal., Russ. Chem. Rev., 1975, 44, 538-551 Application of electric fields to various explosive heavy metal derivatives (silver oxalate, barium, copper, lead, silver or thallium azides, or silver acetylide) accelerates the rate of thermal decomposition. Possible mechanisms are discussed. 

Catalytic forms of copper, mercury and silver acetylides, supported on alumina, carbon or silica and used for polymerisation of alkanes, are relatively stable [3], In contact with acetylene, silver and mercury salts will also give explosive acetylides, the mercury derivatives being complex [4], Many of the metal acetylides react violently with oxidants. Impact sensitivities of the dry copper derivatives of acetylene, buten-3-yne and l,3-hexadien-5-yne were determined as 2.4, 2.4 and 4.0 kg m, respectively. The copper derivative of a polyacetylene mixture generated by low-temperature polymerisation of acetylene detonated under 1.2 kg m impact. Sensitivities were much lower for the moist compounds [5], Explosive copper and silver derivatives give non-explosive complexes with trimethyl-, tributyl- or triphenyl-phosphine [6], Formation of silver acetylide on silver-containing solders needs higher acetylene and ammonia concentrations than for formation of copper acetylide. Acetylides are always formed on brass and copper or on silver-containing solders in an atmosphere of acetylene derived from calcium carbide (and which contains traces of phosphine). Silver acetylide is a more efficient explosion initiator than copper acetylide [7],... 

Silver acetylide is used in explosives. It is a powerful detonator. 

Silver is a white, ductile metal occurring naturally in its pure form and in ores (USEPA 1980). Silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of all metals. Some silver compounds are extremely photosensitive and are stable in air and water, except for tarnishing readily when exposed to sulfur compounds (Heyl et al. 1973). Metallic silver is insoluble in water, but many silver salts, such as silver nitrate, are soluble in water to more than 1220 g/L (Table 7.3). In natural environments, silver occurs primarily in the form of the sulfide or is intimately associated with other metal sulfides, especially fhose of lead, copper, iron, and gold, which are all essentially insoluble (USEPA 1980 USPHS 1990). Silver readily forms compounds with antimony, arsenic, selenium, and tellurium (Smith and Carson 1977). Silver has two stable isotopes ( ° Ag and ° Ag) and 20 radioisotopes none of the radioisotopes of silver occurs naturally, and the radioisotope with the longest physical half-life (253 days) is "° Ag. Several compounds of silver are potential explosion hazards silver oxalate decomposes explosively when heated silver acetylide (Ag2C2) is sensitive to detonation on contact and silver azide (AgN3) detonates spontaneously under certain conditions (Smith and Carson 1977). 

Silver acetylide, Ag2C2, is a white powder formed when acetylene is passed through an ammoniacal solution of silver chloride. It has even stronger explosive properties than cuprous acetylide due to its exceptionally large negative heat of formation —87.15 kcal/mole). Its ignition temperature is 200°C. It is of... 

The silver acetylides appear to have substantially covalent carbon-metal bonds and are less ionic than sodium and potassium alkynides. Silver-ammonia solution may be used to precipitate 1-alkynes from mixtures with other hydrocarbons. The 1-alkynes are regenerated easily from the silver precipitates by treatment with strong inorganic acids. It should be noted, however, that silver alkynides may be shock sensitive and can decompose explosively, especially when dry. 

Muraour, Effect of Electron Impact Upon Lead Azide and Silver Acetylide-Theoretical Observations Upon the Thermal Decomposition of Explosives , Chim Ind 30, 39- 40 (1933)... 

A Computational Model Describing the Initiation of Silver Acetylide-Silver Nitrate Explosive by an Intense Light Source , The Shock and Vibration Bulletin (in press, 1979)... 

D. E. H. Jones. I do know of a report of an analysis of the explosion products of silver acetylide, and that claims to give amorphous carbon with no X-ray diffraction pattern. 

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