Expenditure increase

Because the experimental expenditure increases strongly with the increasing number of influence factors, fractional factorial design FFD (partial factorial design) is applied in such cases. It is not possible to evaluate all the interactions by FFDs but only the main effects. 

The spiral model works well in any context in which the current plan must depend on the outcome of earlier work expenditure increases along the spiral each cycle includes a review of results and risks, and it drives a refinement of the goals and plans of the next cycle. An early spiral typically covers a much broader area in requirements and a much narrower piece of design the situation reverses in later cycles. Lessons learned from any spiral feed back into the most abstract level of models that are affected. There are... 

There can be no doubt that instrumental methods of analysis have revolutionized analytical chemistry, in terms of increased sensitivity, more rapid throughput, multielement capability, computerized calibration, and data handling, etc. There is a cost, too, of course - increased capital expenditure, increased instrumental complexity, and, above all, the current tendency to believe implicitly the output of a computer. Just because a machine gives an analysis to 12 places of decimals doesn t mean that it is true (see Chapter 13) ... 

Leptin is a homeostatic hormone. It inhibits food intake and promotes energy expenditnre. Therefore, in the face of a loss in body fat, the levels of leptin decrease and food intake is stimnlated. In contrast, if body fat stores increase, the levels of leptin increase as well and food intake is decreased and energy expenditure increased. Therefore, leptin tends to maintain body weight within fairly close limits. Since ob/ob mice are genetically deficient in leptin, it follows that administration of leptin shonld tend to restore normal body weight. That is exactly what happens. Injection of leptin into ob/ob mice reduces their food intake dramatically and they tend toward the body weights of their normal littermates. In these mice at least, leptin is a powerful force for treatment of obesity. 

Managed care was initially embraced to counter the escalating costs and distorted incentives in the fee-for-service system. Under the fee-for-service health care, a physician, hospital, or other health practitioner charges separately for each patient encounter or service rendered. Expenditures increase if the fee itself increases, if more units of service are provided, or if more expensive services are substituted for less expensive ones. In the U.S., the fee-for-service system has historically favored institutional care over community-based care, acute care over preventive care, and medical intervention over patient education and self-care. 

New Labour s primary programme innovation has, however, been the suite of New Deals that have been at the forefront of its welfare to work strategy since 1997. Table 31 shows that expenditure on the New Deals grew rapidly and by 2001/2002 accounted for over half of all programme expenditure. Overall expenditure increased from GBP 584 million in 1997/1998 to GBP 1,063 million in 2004/2005 with the New Deals accounting for GBP 526 million of that total. It is important to note that over half of New Deal expenditure continues to be allocated to the programmes for the JSA unemployed. 

The CPI annual capital expenditures increased by more than 40% from 1985 to 1995, and preliminary unpublished figures indicated another 28% increase from 1994 to 1996. The chemical industry is expected to continue to spend, but at a much lower rate, for the rest of the decade. There were several reasons for the growth noted from 1984 to 1996 ... 

Outsourcing obviously reflects a wide range of benefits such as avoidance of capital expenditure, increased cash flow, minimized fixed assets by avoiding investments... 

Quotient of the costs incurred by society for treatment of diseases and saving the environment due to the expenditures increasing environmental performance of the transport system. 

Coal preparation expenditures increase in terms of grinding, drying, or de-ashing. 

On the other hand, studies on human subjects have shown that, by replacing dietary LCT with MCT, the daily energy expenditure increases from 100 kJ (Flat et al., 1985) to 669 kJ (Hill et al., 1989) in men and to 138 kJ/d (White et al., 1999) in women. The MCTs were proposed to be used in the treatment or prevention of human obesity because their energy expenditure released after ingestion was higher, in comparison with LCT (Scalfi et al., 1991 Seaton et al., 1986 Dulloo et al., 1996). 

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