Evolution developmental

Holland, P.W.H. and Garcia-Fernandez, J. (1996) Hox genes and chordate evolution . Developmental Biology, 173, 82-95. 

The paired box is another sequence motif that is very well conserved during evolution and is found in a number of genes known to be of developmental significance in lower organisms. The paired box encodes the 128-amino acid paired domain, which binds DNA(Chalapakis et al., 1991), and shows similarity, with a helix-tum-helix motif, to the homeodomain. 

The purpose of the exercise is the evolution of a "developmental program" that can guide the growth of one cell into an interconnected graph of cells... 

In our example, the object of evolution is a developmental program for a cell. This DP controls the growth of the cell into a graph of cells representing a mathematical function. Why would one want to effectively evolve a function A possible application is curve fitting. 

The eyespots on butterfly wings are a recently derived evolutionary novelty that arose in a subset of the Lepidoptera and play an important role in predator avoidance. The production of the eyespot pattern is controlled by a developmental organizer called the focus, which induces the surrounding cells to synthesize specific pigments. The evolution of the developmental mechanisms that establish focus was therefore the key to the origin of butterfly eyespots (Keys et al., 1999, p.532). 

This pleiotropic action of developmental genes is easily explained by the fact that the proteins encoded by these genes are components of pathways and networks, which have been repeatedly used during evolution for the construction of organisms. 

Li, X. and Noll, M. (1994), Evolution of distinct developmental functions of three Drosophila genes by acquisition of different as-regulatory regions , Nature (London), 367, 83-87. 

See Wagner (2000) for developmental evolution and Sarkar (2002) for a treatment of this question. 

Sarkar, S. (2002), Evolution from a Developmental Point of View, in preparation. 

Wagner, G. P. (2000), Whatis the promise of developmental evolution Parti Why Is developmental biology necessary to explain evolutionary innovations , foumal of Experimental Zoology (Molecular Development and Evolution), 288, 95-98. 

I offer a different and complementary perspective on units which accommodates developmental processes explicitly and which articulates the intimate relationship between units of hereditary transmission and developmental expression. I argue that a process perspective on the temporal dimension of the transition problem, focusing on the propagation of developmental capacities, is a helpful addition to the spatial and functional perspectives. Reproduction is the process that, in general, forms the basis for evolution at a level and also for evolutionary transition to new levels. Processes of inheritance and replication can be understood as special cases of reproduction. In order to formulate a view of how processes of development and hereditary propagation are intertwined in reproduction, let us consider development further. 

Baldwin, J.G., Frisse, L.M., Vida, J.T., Eddleman, C.D. and Thomas, W.K. (1997) An evolutionary framework for the study of developmental evolution in a set of nematodes related to Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution... 

The structure/behavior framework of Case, Place, and Pace for a developmental compound is driven by a combination of d5mamics, which ultimately determine marketplace evolution. 

Collins T (2006) History of evolution of reproductive and developmental toxicology guidelines. Curr Pharm Des 12 1449-1465... 

Satoh, N. and Jeffery, W. R. (1995). Chasing tails in ascidians Developmental insights into the origin and evolution of chordates. Trends Genet. 11, 354-359. 

As for the details needed to flesh out a new model, we must admit that there is more of an opportunity within our reach than there is substantial information in hand. The time is thus ripe for a major program of research that uses our now extensive knowledge of how conscious and unconscious processes are naturally generated and regulated in the diurnal evolution of our states of brain and mind as a foundation for a new comprehensive theory that encompasses the comparative, the evolutionary developmental, intra- and interindividual, and the social levels of analysis. 

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