Ethoxylated 20-sorbitan monolaurate

Tribological test results for aqueous solutions of ethoxylated sorbitan esters have been presented in a publication [48], It has been demonstrated that addition to water of such esters as ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate, ethoxylated sorbitan monostearate, or ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate results in a significant reduction in the coefficient of friction and wear and prevents seizure of mating friction-couple elements. It has been found that the concentration of the additive in water, and not the compound s structure, has the decisive effect on the improvanent in tribological characteristics [48],... 

Interesting investigation results were also obtained when mixtures of sorbitan ester with ethoxylated sorbitan ester were used in a model lubricant base (paraffin oil) [112], It was shown that the mixtures were very efficient in reducing motion resistance and wear. The most beneficial action was observed for mixtures of sorbitan monolaurate and ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate at ratios of 5 5, 3 7, and 1 9 [112]. 

Chem. Descrip. Ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate 20 EO Chem. Analysis 3.0% max. moisture CAS 9005-64-5... 

Chem. Desmp. Ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate 80 EO CAS9005 4-5... 

Castor oil 30- and 60-mole ethoxylates, sorbitan monolaurate 20-mole ethoxylate, glycerin cocoate 7-mole ethoxylate detection... 

A series of sorbitol-based nonionic surfactants are used ia foods as water-ia-oil emulsifiers and defoamers. They are produced by reaction of fatty acids with sorbitol. During reaction, cycHc dehydration as well as esterification (primary hydroxyl group) occurs so that the hydrophilic portion is not only sorbitol but also its mono- and dianhydride. The product known as sorbitan monostearate [1338-41 -6] for example, is a mixture of partial stearic and palmitic acid esters (sorbitan monopalmitate [26266-57-9]) of sorbitol, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol [154-58-8] 1,4-sorbitan [27299-12-3] and isosorbide [652-67-5]. Sorbitan esters, such as the foregoing and also sorbitan monolaurate [1338-39-2] and sorbitan monooleate [1338-43-8], can be further modified by reaction with ethylene oxide to produce ethoxylated sorbitan esters, also nonionic detergents FDA approved for food use. 

Tween 20, Chemical Classification - Ethoxylated Fatty Acids, Chemical Description -Polyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan Monolaurate, Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB) 16.7, Uniqema, 1000 Uniqema Blvd., New Castle, Delaware 19720. 

The addition of ethylene oxide to sorbitan esters raises the HLB of the resultant ester products. Thus, ethoxylation of sorbitan monolaurate with 4 mol of ethylene oxide per mole of ester will raise the HLB value from 8.3 to 13.3. Values for different sorbitan esters are given in Table 5.10. 

Synonyms POE (6) sorbitan monolaurate Definition Ethoxylated sorbitan ester of lauric acid with avg. 6 moles EO Properties Nonionic Uses Emulsifier for cosmetic oils Features Hydrophilic... 

This chapter presents the results of physicochemical and tribological investigations of lubricating substances composed of water and a mixture of two nonionic surfactants sorbitan monolaurate (SML) and ethoxylated sorbitan monoisostearate (ESMIS). Particular attention was paid to proper selection of surfactant mixture composition (SML/ESMIS ratio) ensuring high effectiveness in reducing friction coefficient and wear as well as seizure prevention. 

The application of sorbitan esters and/or ethoxylated sorbitan esters as lubricant components has been discussed in the literature. It has been shown, among others, that sorbitan monoesters, monolaurate and monooleate, efficiently improve the lubricating properties of paraffin oil. When sorbitan trioleinate was used as an additive, no improvement in the lubricating properties of paraffin oil was observed [111],... 

The two compounds—sorbitan monolaurate (SML) and ethoxylated sorbitan monoisostearate (ESMIS)— were selected for the investigation out of a wide range of sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters produced on an industrial scale. The chemical structures of the selected compounds are shown in fig. 18.1. 

FIGURE 18.1 Chemical structures of sorbitan monolaurate (SML) and ethoxylated sorbitan monoisostearate (ESMIS). 

The choice of ethoxylated sorbitan monoisostearate (ESMIS) and sorbitan monolaurate (SML) can be justified by the fact that they do not contain unsaturated bonds susceptible to oxidation. Besides, they are liquid at room temperature. Such a molecular structure facilitates their utilization, as they can be supplied to customers in the form of easily solubilized liquids. 

The ethoxylated derivatives of Spans (Tweens) are produced by reaction of ethylene oxide on any hydroxyl group remaining on the sorbitan ester group. Alternatively, the sorbitol is first ethoxylated and then esterified. However, the final product has different surfactant properties to the Tweens. Some examples of Tween surfactants are polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate. Tween 20 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Tween 40 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate. Tween 60 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-oleate. Tween 80 and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate. Tween 65 and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tri-oleate. Tween 85. 

The pore morphology of microemulsion-based solid polymer depends on the initial microstructure of the microemulsion as determined by the type of surfactant and cosurfactant in addition to composition. Some examples of nonionic surfactants used for microemulsions are Emsorb 6916 (sorbitan monolaurate), Neodol 91-5 (primary alcohol ethoxylate), and Trycol (polyoxyethylene alkylphenol), while sodium dodecyl sulfonate is commonly used as the anionic surfactant. Figure 3.15... 

Sorbitan monolaurate, palmitate, stearate 20-mole ethoxylates PEG determination... 

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