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Ethanol safe limits

Turn off the source of the leak and limit the spread of fluid by means of mop, dusters, rags, sand or diversion Absorb spillage and shovel into buckets, and remove to a safe place, dilute greatly with running water and/or dilute with dispersing agent and water (as with ammonia solution, ethanol, methanol and formaldehyde solution)... [Pg.429]

A potential limitation to the use of cosolvents may be the choice and amount of cosolvent needed. For pharmaceuticals there are relatively few organic cosolvents that are generally regarded as safe. Rubino in his article Cosolvent and Cosolvency has discussed the biological effects of many of the commonly utilized cosolvents such as ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycols, and dimethylacetamide (DMA). [Pg.3322]

There are limited reports of ehemieal mixture effects on DEET absorption across skin. A recent pubhcation suggested that the formulation additives in vations sim-screen products may significantly enhance DEET absorption (Ross et al., 2004). The authors also noted that one of these preparations indicated safe pediatric nse. For-mnlation additives ean also reduee DEET permeation in skin simply by altering the skin-vehicle partition eoeffieient (Ross and Shah, 2000). In this stndy, the solvents ethanol and propylene glyeol inereased solubilization of DEET in the vehicle and resnlted in DEET preferring to remain in the vehicle than diffnse into skin, thus reducing skin permeation. [Pg.168]

Safe levels of O2 and CO2 are important for package design. A lower O2 limit has been associated with onset of fermentation and accumulation of ethanol and acetaldehyde (Beaudry et al., 1993). Fermentation is linked to the development of off-flavors and/or tissue damage. Effect of temperature on lower O2 limit has been measured for a number of commodities including whole apple, apple slices, blueberry, and raspberry. In each case, lower O2 limit increased with temperature. Lower O2 limits vary from 0.15% to 5% and are influenced by temperature, commodity and cultivar (Beaudry and Gran, 1993). [Pg.98]

Let s have a look at an example from pharmacology - the elimination of a dmg from the body. This could be a dmg like Aspirin or Nurofen or even ethanol. In fact, the latter is probably something we all wanted to know at one point in our lives if we had 4 pints of lager in the pub, how long does it take to be under the limit for safe driving again ... [Pg.10]

In an exceptional situation the actual exposure can be determined (see Sect. 26.5.3), the hazards of the substance has been defined sufficiently (see Sect. 26.3.5) and above all, the exposure limit to the substance has been set by the competent authority. This may apply for instance to working with ethanol, see also Sect. 26.7.2. In such an ideal situation it is possible to claim completely safe working conditions or, in case of genotoxic and sensitising substances, safe with a societally accepted minor health risk (see Sect. 26.7.2). In practice for pharmacy preparation and reconstitution medicines hardly any exposure limits exist at the moment. In most situations risk mitigation means ... [Pg.572]

The inherent properties of alcohol co-surfactants will impact on usage. In particular, alcohol chain length has a significant effect on the ionization of the surfactant and disorder at the oil/water interface. Thus, shorter-chained alcohols will increase interfacial disorder (flexibihty) (Bansal et al., 1979 Tabony et al., 1983). However, toxicity concerns limit the use of effective co-surfactants such as 1-butanol, 2-butanol and tcrt-butanol, which are toxic to humans (Attwood, 1994). The most conunonly used food-safe co-surfactant is ethanol, though its use in foods limits product marketing due to regulatory requirements, which differing from country to country. [Pg.151]


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