Values espoused

Second, the core values of an organization must be modeled by managers. Talking about or espousing values without customers, employees, and other stakeholders in the organization experiencing those values will lead rapidly to cynicism regarding ethics. 

Schein (2004) Basic underlying assumptions Espoused values Artefacts ... 

A. Marie Schuh G. M. Miller (2006), Maybe Wilson was right Espoused values and their relationship to enacted values. International Journal of Public oAdministration, 29 (9), 719-741. 

Espoused values are those values that are adopted and supported by a person or organization. Information about espoused values can be obtained by asking questions about the thinp that you observe or feel. Espoused values are those values that people say that they support. Values are preferred states about the way things should be. 

Mission statements Provide insight on the espoused values of the organization. Determining the gap between the mission and the real world is an indicator ofthe organizational culture. 

Edgar Schein provides a foundational approach to review a culture. He describes a culture as having three primary levels. His three levels consist of Artifacts, Espoused Values, and Underlying Assumptions (Schein, 2004). The following discussion provides insights on how these levels can be used to assess the depth and scope of the safety culture. 

The second level of culture involves the Espoused Values that consist of the content of the various strategies, goals, and core philosophies that are used by the leadership to guide the organization. What does the organization say about itself We see these espoused values in the form of safety slogans, safety mission statements, and various commitments made with regard to safety. 

Nathan was involved in the insurance industry for more than 20 years. As part of underwriting studies for insurance placement, it was necessary to visit prospective companies to discuss their safety process and visit operations and facilities to determine their overall risk status. In retrospect, as previously discussed under organizational culture, what was being done was an attempt to determine what the safety culture was through observation of the various Artifacts and discussions about the Espoused Values as evidenced by mission statements, policies, procedures, etc. 

The question the underwriters wanted an answer for was Is this prospective client maintaining a safe work environment and is it serious about keeping hazards and associated risk under control If the observed Artifacts indicated that issues existed that increased the potential for loss and did not reflect the Espoused Values, then the perception left was that the Underlying Belief system was different from the Espoused Values. An example, if inspections were to be routinely done and deficiencies immediately corrected but observation noted maintenance and housekeeping problems, then the real belief is that inspections were not considered important. 

Identify espoused values that appeal to you and ask how they are implemented in the organization. 

The safety policy statement is different from the formal overall safety policy. The safety policy provides in-depth details about the who, what, and where of safety administration, defines responsibilities, and describes the approach to be taken with regard to safety. The safety policy can be considered an artifact that points to the espoused values of the organization. How well the policy is implemented and followed will give an indication as to the true values held by the organization. The safety policy statement is a brief, concise sentence that conveys the essence of the safety policy and drives immediate action and behavior. 

What are the espoused values that drive the use of other forms and guidelines currently in use ... 

Middle layer—Espoused values and attitudes regarding ... 

Have to be deduced from artifacts and espoused values as well as through observation... 

Corporate values and morak important to an organization. Espoused values contribute to the development of normal standards of the organization for how it conducts business now and in the future (EspousedValues, n.d.). 

The correlations between the levels of culture wiU give an indication of how the organization operates. Do inspections identify artifacts that indicate that the espoused values are or are not true values to the organization Do underlying assumptions show consistency between the espoused values and artifacts ... 

For example, if the espoused value says We will be a safe and healthy workplace but inspections and observations show many safety violations, poor maintenance, and/or no true safety efforts, then the underlying belief system is not in alignment with the espoused values (Roughton Crutchfield, 2013). 

Its underlying assumptions were different from its espoused values even though its own versions of risk assessments andJHAs clearly identified the potential for a catastrophic event. 

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