Horse erythrocytes

Isol. from hog submaxillary mucin. Also found together with A-Acetylneuraminic acid in certain gangliosides and sialoproteins of other animal spp., e.g. horse erythrocytes, horse kidney and beef serum. Mp 185-187 . Md-32 (H2O). 

Homogenates of MetruUum senile, possibly the world s most common large sea anemone, yield extracts that are powerfully hemolytic for washed mammalian erythrocytes (22). The active substance, metridiolysin, is a protein of molecular weight approximately 80,000. In contrast to the sphingomyelin-inhibitable toxins, metridiolysin is an acidic protein having a pi of about 5. It is thermolabile and is inactivat by proteolytic enzymes. The optimal pH for hemolysis is between 5 and 6, and at pH 8 the lysin is inactive. It can be dissociated into two subunits of unequal size. Besides being cytolytic in vitro, metridiolysin is lethal when injected intravenously into mice. As shown in Table IV erythrocytes from the horse or dog are about a hundred times as sensitive to lysis as those from the mouse, and erythrocytes from other animals tested are intermediate in sensitivity. 

The approximate average plasma phosphorus levels for several species, in milligrams per 100 milliliters of plasma, are pigs, 8.0 sheep, cattle, and goats, 6.0 horse, 2.3. Erythrocytes contain considerably more phosphorus than plasma, mostly in the form of organic esters. Some of the latter arc acid soluble and hydrolyzable by intracellular enzymes. 

Fig. 28.3. Reproduced from Fig. 3 of Ref. [45], with permission from Elsevier. Detection of organo-phosphates extracted from wool, (a) Extracts containing either chlorfenvinphos (C) or diazinon (D) numbers are X in 10-XM. (b) Extracts containing mixtures of the two total concentration of organo-phosphates was 10-5M. Electrodes were exposed to the extracts, dried overnight and the currents generated in the presence of butyrylthiocholine measured. White columns, electric eel acetylcholinesterase grey, bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and black, horse serum butyryl cholinesterase.

Deutsch HF (1952) The properties of various crystalline horse erythrocyte catalase preparations. Acta Chem Scand 6 1516—1521... 

Deutsch HF (1951) A highly active horse erythrocyte catalase. Acta Chem Scand 5 815-819... 

In 1979, Jette E. Kristiansen of Copenhagen, Denmark, performed extensive experiments to elaborate the effect of chlorpromazine on the permeability of the bacterial cell wall [55]. In vitro experiments were carried out with Staphylococcus aureus under the influence of chlorpromazine. Depigmentation and bacteriostatic/bactericidal effects of chlorpromazine on the microorganisms were observed. It has been shown that concentrations of chlorpromazine near the bacteriostatic value, in combination with bacterial haemolysins, could alter erythrocyte membranes of horse and rabbit blood in such a way that they become resistant to haemolysis. It was further realized that chlorpromazine in bacteriostatic concentration probably changed the transport of potassium through the bacterial membrane in the same manner as described for mammalian muscle tissue [54],... 

S-FFF has been applied for the separation of living cells such as human, sheep, rabbit, and horse blood cells or HeLa cells [12,296,420,440-444] which, furthermore, could give insight into the growth and cell cycle distribution of cells in cultivation broths [444] or an estimation of the bacterial biomass in natural waters [445]. Blood components have been separated in the same apparatus [446]. Car-dot, Martin, and co-workers have shown that abnormal blood cells (from anemia or transfusions) can be distinguished from healthy erythrocytes in Gr-FFF [413,415]. In such channels, a prevalent parasite can be isolated from blood, suggesting a possibility for rapid diagnosis [414]. 

The lentil lectins are nonspecific with regard to hemagglutination of human erythrocytes,138,142 but they do exhibit a distinct species specificity. They agglutinate erythrocytes of squirrel,446 some species of rabbit,138,448 and horse,138 but not sheep,138 goat,138,448 or cow.448... 

Comparison of Physical and Chemical Properties op Horse Erythrocyte Catalase and... 

Fia. 6. Titration of 15 ii-M horse erythrocyte catalase-ferriheme with peracetic acid, 0.08 M phosphate, pH 723, 25° (101a). 

Fia. 8. Reduction of horse erythrocyte catalase Compound I by methyl hydrogen peroxide at pH 7, 4°. Note also the ready oxidation of Compound II to Compound III by HaOj where k, 3 X 10 M" sec ... 

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