Undefined error

Reference electrodes for non-aqueous solvents are always troublesome because the necessary salt bridge may add considerable errors by undefined junction potentials. Leakage of components of the reference compartment, water in particular, into the working electrode compartment is a further problem. Whenever electrochemical cells of very small dimensions have to be designed, the construction of a suitable reference electrode system may be very difficult. Thus, an ideal reference electrode would be a simple wire introduced into the test cell. The usefulness of redox modified electrodes as reference electrodes in this respect has been studied in some detail... 

The basis upon which this concept rests is the very fact that not all the data follows the same equation. Another way to express this is to note that an equation describes a line (or more generally, a plane or hyperplane if more than two dimensions are involved. In fact, anywhere in this discussion, when we talk about a calibration line, you should mentally add the phrase ... or plane, or hyperplane... ). Thus any point that fits the equation will fall exactly on the line. On the other hand, since the data points themselves do not fall on the line (recall that, by definition, the line is generated by applying some sort of [at this point undefined] averaging process), any given data point will not fall on the line described by the equation. The difference between these two points, the one on the line described by the equation and the one described by the data, is the error in the estimate of that data point by the equation. For each of the data points there is a corresponding point described by the equation, and therefore a corresponding error. The least square principle states that the sum of the squares of all these errors should have a minimum value and as we stated above, this will also provide the maximum likelihood equation. 

Initially alkynes were polymerised by trial and error with the use of Ziegler type recipes and the mechanism for these reactions may well be an insertion type mechanism. Undefined metathesis catalysts of ETM complexes were known to give poly-acetylene in their reaction with alkynes (acetylene) [45] and metallacycles were proposed as intermediates. Since the introduction of well-defined catalysts far better results have been obtained. The mechanism for this reaction is shown in Figure 16.24 [46], The conductive polymers obtained are soluble materials that can be treated and deposited as solutions on a surface. 

The error message says that the DC property of Vi is undefined. Click the OK button to close the dialog box ... 

Salamone and Newman (SI) recently studied heat transfer to suspensions of copper, carbon, silica, and chalk in water over the concentration range of 2.75 to 11.0% solids by weight. These authors calculated effective thermal conductivities from the heat transfer data and reached conclusions which not only contradicted Eqs. (35) and (36), but also indicated a large effect of particle size. However, if one compares the conductivities of their suspensions at a constant volume fraction of solids, the assumed importance of particle size is no longer present. It should also be noted that their calculational procedure was a difficult one in that it placed all undefined errors present in the heat transfer data into the thermal conductivity term. For example, six of the seven-... 

Unfortunately, the spatial functions of the activity coefficient and of the transference numbers in the general junction are not known and as a result (6.22) cannot be integrated. This situation becomes much worse when the junction connects two different solvents. In such cases the resulting measurement error from undefined Ej can reach several hundred millivolts. 

Not all published and widely accepted thermodynamic values are reliable. Nordstrom and Archer (2003) provide a detailed review of the controversies, uncertainties, and problems related to thermodynamic data for arsenic and its compounds and aqueous species. Many of the data are contradictory and the methods that produce the data are sometimes questionable or have not been thoroughly documented. Too often, data in the literature have been passed from reference to reference without critical evaluations. Some of the data have high measurement errors, were produced under undefined or poorly defined laboratory conditions, and involved unrepresentative sampling (Matschullat 2000, 298 Nordstrom and Archer, 2003). Furthermore, other questionable data originate from obscure documents or are written in languages that many individuals cannot read and properly interpret. Therefore, thermodynamic results must be accepted with a certain amount of caution. The table in this appendix includes thermodynamic data from various sources, which provide users with some idea of their variability. Although sometimes unavoidable, users... 

Error, (in evalm) unnamed vector or array with undefined entries. 

If the code you wish to check is in an m-file, the first check is to see that all the parameters are passed correctly and have been set in the workspace available to the m-file. The easiest way to do this is to request that the m-file print all the variables you expect to be transferred to the m-file, at the start of the m-file, and check that they are correct. If a variable has not been set, MATLAB wiU give you an error message without running the code. It tells you the line and column where the undefined variable is. The problem is probably improper passing of parameters or incorrect use of the global command or, sometimes, a typing error. 

Each time you call , a new line of data will be read from the file. When the last line has been read, the operation will return the undefined value detecting this type of error will be discussed later. When a filehandle is no longer needed, it can be closed using the close function ... 

Note that the critical level of the appropriate test statistic c generally be used as a normalized alternative to Xp, S(-, etc. The "detection limit" for a test statistic, however, is meaningless, as Xj, Sj, etc. refer to the true underlying quantity. A corollary Is that the term "detection limit" Is also without meaning In the absence of an alternative hypothesis. (This Is perhaps an obvious philosophical matter, but In principle, the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, except by chance [a-error], if no alternative exists the 0-error Is then necessarily undefined. Of course an unexpected rejection can lead to an exciting search for the alternative.)... 

When the instrument response y is set equal to yc, the concentration that corresponds to a critical concentration limit is defined. This critical level x, defined almost 20 years ago (13,14), is a decision limit at which one may decide whether or not the result of an analysis indicates detection. The critical level has a specifically defined false positive (type I) error rate, a, and an undefined false negative (type II) error rate, p. xc is found according to... 

Uncertainties were undefined, possibly estimated standard errors. 

Thus, the coordinate of the electron becomes undefinable even if we determine its momentum with an error of 0.01%. If we determine the coordinate of the electron then its momentum becomes undefinable. 

Misconceptions are a sort of a bug catalogue, i. e. a list of common mistakes made by the students. They can be viewed as perturbations of the correct knowledge, and are used by the system during the diagnosis phase to identify the reasons for a student error. The following example of misconception would admit among minima also points where the function is undefined ... 

This results in an error not correctable by external standardization or by internal standardization unless the internal standard has a distribution coefficient identical with the labeled molecule in the sample. Further, since phase contact in some solgel scintillators varies with the aqueous sample concentration, the accuracy of the quench correction will vary with sample size. In short, phase contact in solgel scintillators is at present an undefined variable which Ccin result in large and unsuspected errors in experimental results in the radioassay of tritium-labeled compounds. 

The equation is still undefined for pure species condition, however, the round-off error accumulates to the same degree in the numerator and denominator. The Knudsen diffusion coefficient for the species k in Eq. 4.5 is defined as... 

The errors in the density are quite arbitrary (other than being small). If the variation dL is to vanish for such arbitrary errors in the density, all terms must vanish independently. In the first place, therefore, (so far undefined) should satisfy the adjoint equation obtained by setting the bracketed term to zero ... 

The third type of equals sign is used to symbolically define a variable. It is entered by typing Ctrl-i- =. This format is used in solve blocks (see Section 5.2.5). Typically, Mathcad will show an error when using an undefined variable however, this is not the case in symbolic equations. 

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