Equipment simulation

However, these requirements go further than merely controlling the devices used for measurement. They address the measurements themselves, the selection of the devices for measurement and also apply to devices which create product features, if they are used for product verification purposes. If you rely on jigs, tools, fixtures, templates, patterns, etc. to form shapes or other characteristics and have no other means of verifying the shape achieved, these devices become a means of verification. If you use software to control equipment, simulate the environment or operational conditions, or carry out tests and you rely on that software doing what it is supposed to do, without any separate means of checking the result, the quality of such software becomes critical to product verification. In fact the requirements apply to metrology as a whole rather than being limited to the equipment that is used to obtain the measurement and therefore a more appropriate title of the section would be Control of measurements . 

S) Spin-Setback Simulator Test. Accdg to Ref 39, pIIB-43, equipment simulating spin velocity, angular acceleration and setback exerted on an arilllery fuze as experienced in combination during the phase of internal ballistics was supposed to be constructed at the end of 1966 by the Artillery Ammunition Laboratory, Ammunition Engineering Directorate, PicArsn,... 

Crew Station/equipment characteristics The crew station design module and library is a critical component in the MIDAS operation. Descriptions of discrete and continuous control operation of the equipment simulations are provided at several levels of functiontil deteiil. The system can provide discrete equipment operation in a stimulus-response (blackbox) format, a time-scripted/ event driven format, or a full discrete-space model of the transition among equipment states. Similarly, the simulated operator s knowledge of the system can be at the same varied levels of representation or can be systematically modified to simulate various states of misunderstanding the equipment function. 

During feasibility assessment, improvement options will be evaluated in greater detail with more accurate estimates of costs and benefits based on rigorous process and equipment simulations. The traditional approach for feasibility assessment is to investigate modification options without extensively exploiting interactions between modifications, process conditions, process redesign, heat integration, and equipment... 

Elemans, P.H.M. (2009) Continuous equipment simulations - co-kneader, in Mixing and CompouruUr of Polymers ... 

The purpose of this chapter is twofold, firstly to introduce a methodology for equipment selection and secondly to describe the principal features of Filter Design Software (FDS). With respect to the former, a technique for preliminary equipment selection is presented and it is shown how an equipment list can be ranked to help refine further selection considerations. Descriptions of FDS illustrate how equipment selection, data analysis and equipment simulation procedures can be combined into computer software, a basic flowsheet is shown in Figure 5.1. Worked examples are given. 

Although comprehensive descriptions of equipment selection are given in this chapter the specifics of data analysis and equipment simulation are presented elsewhere. Chapter 4 provides practical methodologies, theories and principles that underpin the analysis of filtration, jar sedimentation and expression tests. Chapters 6 and 7 respectively present extensive descriptions of batch and continuous filter simulations, however, an introduction to simulation is described here. 

Figure 5.6 The role of computer software in the selection, sizing, simulation and optimisation of solid/liquid separation equipment. FDS modules (1) equipment selection (2) and (4) data analysis (3) scale-up data generation (5) equipment simulation.

The data analysis module facilitates interactive analysis of leaf filtration, jar sedimentation and piston press test data. Calculations are performed in a hierarchical manner using the available information if some data are not measured then FDS performs the best possible analysis using approximations. The results of an analysis can be used to refine (shorten) a list of selected equipment and/or provide scale-up information for equipment simulation. 

The two equipment simulation modules provide calculation sequences for more than 20 types of vacuum and pressure filters, potentially involving combinations of cake formation, compression, gas deliquoring and washing. Batch filters include single and multi-element leaf filters, filter presses and diaphragm and tube presses while continuous filters include the horizontal belt, drum, disc, table and tilting pan filters. The user is able to define filter... 

Tarleton E.S. and Wakeman R.J., 1991. Solid/Liquid Separation Equipment Simulation Design p -SELECT - Personal computer software for the analysis of filtration and sedimentation test data and the selection of solid/liquid separation equipment. Separations Technology Associates, Loughborough. 

Wakeman R.J. and Tarleton E.S., 1991a. Solid/liquid separation equipment simulation and design - an expert systems approach, Filtr. Sep., 28, 268-274. 

Wakeman, R. J. and Tarleton, E. S., Sohd/liquid separation equipment simulation and design—an expert systems approach . Filtration Separation, July/August, 29(4), 268-274 (1991)... 

EqLlpment Simulator Number Equipment Simulator Equip. No. [npjt Streams Output Streams Required Input... 

Equipment simulators offer a number of advantages over other testing environments (Ahcandri 1994). CG imagery allows tremendous flexibility any required equipment and surrounding environment can be developed. 

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