Salt, Epsom

Epsom salts, MgS04,7H20. See magnesium sulphate. 

C. Epsom salts are used as a purgative, as a dressing for cotton goods and in dyeing. 

It is also used as a reducing agent in the production of pure uranium and other metals from their salts. The hydroxide (milk of magnesia), chloride, sulfate (Epsom salts), and citrate are used in medicine. Dead-burned magnesite is employed for refractory purposes such as brick and liners in furnaces and converters. 

Sulfur occurs native in the vicinity of volcanos and hot springs. It is widely distributed in nature as iron pyrites, galena, sphalerite, cinnabar, stibnite, gypsum, epsom salts, celestite, barite, etc. 

Epsom salts, see Magnesium sulfate 7-water Epsomite, see Magnesium sulfate 7-water Eriochalcite, see Copper(II) chloride... 

Magnesium sulfate, epsom salts, MgS04 7H2O—0.5N 62 g per liter saturated solution dissolve 600 g of the salt in water and dilute to 1 liter. 

To prepare a USP-grade Epsom salt, higher purity MgO or Mg(OH)2 is used. USP and food grades require low chloride levels, limiting allowable chloride content of the MgO to 0.08 wt %. Trace impurities including iron and aluminum are precipitated using excess MgO. EoUowing crystallization, the Epsom salt is washed free of mother Hquor. 

Economic Aspects. Epsom salt is usuaUy shipped in bulk or in 45-kg bags. Magnesium sulfate solution can be shipped in bulk, in either totes or dmms. In January 1995 prices for a tmcHoad in doUars per 100 kg were MgSO 2 technical, 10% Mg, in bags 37.49— 40.79, works in bulk 35.28 ... 

U.S. imports of magnesium sulfate, both natural kieserite and Epsom salts, from 1986 through 1988 were (52,103,146) ... 

Table 25. U.S. Imports and Exports of Natural Kieserite and Epsom Salts...

Reported as kieserite only, does not include Epsom salts. 

National Trade Data Bank, U.S. Merchandise Export and Import Trades, Titles 2,855,210,000 (Magnesium Su fate) and 2,550,200,000 (Kleserite, epsom salts [naturalmagnesium sulfatef), U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C, 1993. 

In the days of alchemy and the phlogiston theory, no system of nomenclature that would be considered logical ia the 1990s was possible. Names were not based on composition, but on historical association, eg, Glauber s salt for sodium sulfate decahydrate and Epsom salt for magnesium sulfate physical characteristics, eg, spirit of wiae for ethanol, oil of vitriol for sulfuric acid, butter of antimony for antimony trichloride, Hver of sulfur for potassium sulfide, and cream of tartar for potassium hydrogen tartrate or physiological behavior, eg, caustic soda for sodium hydroxide. Some of these common or trivial names persist, especially ia the nonchemical Hterature. Such names were a necessity at the time they were iatroduced because the concept of molecular stmcture had not been developed, and even elemental composition was incomplete or iadeterminate for many substances. 

Bitter-rinde, /. bitter bark, specif, amargoso. -salz, n. Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate), -salzerde, /. magnesia, -sfiare, /. picric acid, bitterschmeckend, a. bitter-tasting. 

Bitter sUss, n. bittersweet, -silssigkelt, /. bit-teraweetness. -tropfen, m.pt. bitters, -was-ser, n. bitter water (containing Epsom salt) (Pharm.) bitter-almond water, -wurzel, /. gentian root. 

Englisch-gelb, n. patent yellow (lead oxychloride). -leder, n. moleskin, -pflaster, n. court plaster, -rot, n. colcothar. -salz, n. Epsom salt. 

Laxiersalz, n. purging or laxative salt. — en-glisches —, Epsom salt. 

Saidschiitzer Salz. Epsom salt (MgSO. TH O). saiger, a. perpendicular, vertical. 

Seidlitz-pulver, n. Seidlitz powder, -salz, n. Epsom salt. 

Preparation of Intermediate Compound 4-Chloro-5-Sulfamyl-N-Acetylanthranilic Acid To a hot solution (80°C) of 366 g (1.482 mols) of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) in 2.8 liters of water was added 130 g (0.495 mol) of powdered 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-sulfamyl-acetanilide. With stirring and maintaining the temperature at 83°C, 234 g (1.482 mols) of potassium permanganate was added portionwise over a period of 2 hours. The mixture was then kept at 85°C with stirring for an additional 3 hours. By this time the pink color of the permanganate had been discharged. 

Epsom salts are hydrates of magnesium sulfate. The formula for Epsom salts is MgS04 - 7H20. A 7.834-g sample is heated until a constant mass is obtained indicating that all foe water has been evaporated off. What is foe mass of foe anhydrous magnesium sulfate What percentage of foe hydrate is water ... 

Nobel-Aideer Powder. A Dynamite manufd in the early twentieth century by Nobel s Explosive Co, Ardeer, Scotland. It contd NG 31—34, kieselguhr 11-14, Epsom salt 47—51, K nitrate 4—6, soda 0.5 Amm carbonate 0.5% (Ref 1, p30)... 

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