Epping disease

A first pilot study treated 26 newly-diagnosed cases of APL with ATRA until CR, followed by three courses of daunorubicin (DNR)-AraC and 25 (96%) achieved CR, as compared to 76% in a historical control group treated by chemotherapy alone (difference not significant) [38, 39]. With a minimum follow up of 38 months from CR achievement, event free survival (EPS), disease free interval (DPI) and survival were significantly higher after ATRA followed by chemotherapy. Actual survival at four years was 40% after chemotherapy alone, and 77% after ATRA + chemotherapy. The combination of ATRA and chemotherapy clearly reduced the number of relapses occurring within 18 months of CR achievement, whereas the number of late relapses was similar to that seen after chemotherapy alone [38]. This suggested that combination therapy did not just delay relapses but truly reduced their incidence. 

Sahcyhc acid USP, EP, and other pharmacopeia grades are used medically as antiseptic, disinfectant, antifungal, and keratolytic agents. Sahcyhc acid is formulated in lotion or ointment formulations for the treatment of dandmff, eczema, psoriasis, and various parasitic skin diseases. Because the keratolytic property of this aromatic acid has use in the safe removal of dead skin cells from the surface of healthy skin, the acid is used in concentrated sahcyhc acid solutions or suspensions to remove warts and corns. In more dilute form, sahcyhc acid preparations have found use in dandmff and eczema treatment. Sahcyhc acid has been considered and found effective by the Advisory Committees to the FDA in various over-the-counter (OTC) dmg regulated uses. Among these are acne products, dermatitis, dry skin, dandmff and psoriasis products, and foot care products (24). 

Manning JM et aJ Normal and abnormal protein subunit interactions in hemoglobins.] Biol Chem 1998 273 19359-Mario N, Baudin B, Giboudeau J Qualitative and quantitative analysis of hemoglobin variants by capillary isoelectric focusing. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1998 706 123-Reed W, Vichinsky EP New considerations in the treatment of sickle cell disease. Annu Rev Med 1998 49 46l. 

Platinum regimens are also the treatment of choice in extensive disease, and many studies have failed to show superiority to the EP regimen as first-line treatment. A combination of irinotecan and cisplatin in one Japanese study demonstrated an increased median survival time by approximately 3 months... 

Evans KC, Berger EP, Cho CG, Weisgraber KH, Lansbury PT Jr. Apolipoprotein E is a kinetic but not a thermodynamic of amyloid formation implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995 92 763-767. 

There is no clinical disease state that is pathognomonic for lead exposure. The neurotoxic effects and hematopoietic effects of lead are well recognized. The primary biomarkers of effect for lead are EP, ALAD, basophilic stippling and premature erythrocyte hemolysis, and presence of intranuclear lead inclusion bodies in the kidneys. Of these, activity of ALAD is a sensitive indicator of lead exposure (Hemberg et al. 1970 Morris et al. 1988 Somashekaraiah et al. 1990 Tola et al. 1973), but the assay can not distinguish between moderate and severe exposure (Graziano 1994). Sensitive, reliable, well-established methods exist to monitor for these biomarkers however, they are not specific for lead exposure. Therefore, there is a need to develop more specific biomarkers of effect for lead. Recent data... 

B = bleomycin, C = chlorambucil, CT = chemotherapy, DFS = disease-free survival, Ep = epirubicin, F = fluorouracil, I = ifosfamide, M = mitomycin C, Mtx = methotrexate, O = vincristine, OS = overall survival, P = cisplatin, RT = radiation therapy, V = vinblastine. 

Atypical antipsychotics cause fewer EPS than do conventional antipsychotics. Clozapine and quetiapine are the least likely to cause EPS and are therefore recommended for treatment of psychosis in patients with Parkinson s disease. With the notable exception of risperidone, atypical antipsychotics cause substantially less hyperprolactinemia than do conventional antipsychotics. Weight gain is a side effect of all atypical antipsychotics except ziprasidone and aripiprazole. Concerns about cardiac conduction delay with ziprasidone therapy exist and warrant consideration in patients who have... 

When D2 receptors are blocked in the nigrostriatal DA pathway, it produces disorders of movement that can appear very much like those in Parkinson s disease this is why these movements are sometimes called drug-induced parkinsonism (Fig. 11 —4). Since the nigrostriatal pathway is part of the extrapyramidal nervous system, these motor side effects associated with blocking of D2 receptors in this part of the brain are sometimes also called extrapyramidal symptoms, or EPS. 

Quetiapine also has a chemical structure related to that of clozapine (Fig. 11—36), but it has several differentiating pharmacologic (Fig. 11—41) and clinical features, not only as compared with clozapine (Fig. 11—37) but also as compared with risperidone (Fig. 11-39) and olanzapine (Fig. 11-40). Quetiapine is very atypical in that it causes virtually no EPS at any dose and no prolactin elevations. Thus, quetiapine tends to be the preferred atypical antipsychotic for patients with Parkinson s disease and psychosis. It is also useful in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other types of psychosis, in which it has few extrapyramidal side effects. 

Vonsattel JP, Myers RH, Stevens TJ, Ferrante RJ, Bird ED, Richardson EP, Jr. (1985) Neuropathological classification of Huntington s disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 44 559-577. 

Yousef GM, Diamandis EP. The new human tissue kallikrein gene family Structure, function, and association to disease. Endocr Rev 2001 22 184-204. 

Little SP, Dixon EP, Norris F, et al. Zyme, a novel and potentially amyloidogenic enzyme cDNA isolated from Alzheimer s disease brain. J Biol Chem 1997 272 25135-25142. 

Shimizu-Okabe C, Yousef GM, Diamandis EP, Yoshida S, Shiosaka S, Fahnestock M. Expression of the kallikrein gene family in normal and Alzheimer s disease brain. Neuroreport 2001 12 2747-2751. 

Diamandis EP, Scorilas A, Kishi T, et al. Altered kallikrein 7 and 10 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer s disease and frontotemporal dementia. Clin Biochem 2004 37 230-237. 

Black MH, Diamandis EP. The diagnostic and prognostic utility of prostate-specific antigen for diseases of the breast. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2000 59 1-14. 

Armstrong EP, Langley PC. 1996. Disease management programs. Am J Health-Syst Pbarm 53 53. 

Sesso H, BuringJE, Norkus EP GazianoJM, Plasma lycopene, other carotenoids, and retinol and the risk of cardiovascular disease in man, Am J Clin Nutr 2005 81 990-997. 

Sudhir K, Chou TM, Chatterjee K, Smith EP, Williams TC, Kane JP, Malloy M J, Korach KS, Rubanyi GM. Premature coronary artery disease associated with a disruptive mutation in the estrogen receptor gene in a man. Circulation 1997 96(10) 3774-3777. 

Revdsz T, Hawkins CP, du Boulay EP, Barnard RO, McDonald WI (1989) Pathological findings correlated with magnetic resonance imaging in subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger s disease). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 52 1337-1344... 

Claster S, Vichinsky EP Managing sickle cell disease. Br Med J 327 1151-1155, 2003. 

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