Epithelium cells

Interestingly, homologues of some of the PAR proteins have been found in other metazoans where they also have a polarized distribution. For instance, in Drosophila, bagooka encodes a PAR-3 homologue that localizes to the apical surface of epithelia cells and neuroblasts moreover, bagooka is required for... 

FIGURE 1.1 A 2D-gel electrophoresis map of colorectal epithelia cells proteins from the SWISS- 2DPage database (entry CATD HUMAN, primary access number P07339) accessible from http //www.expasy.org/swiss-2dpage. 

Hasson, T. et al. Unconventional myosins in inner-ear sensory epithelia. /. Cell Biol. 137 1287-1307,1997. 

At a retention time of 3 min, the cell picture in the smear changed from a pure squamous type to a mixture of leucocytes and epithelial cells after the first day of treatment. With progression of the treatment, the leucocytes became the dominant cell type, corresponding to an increase in epithelia cells. After the cessation of the treatment on day 11, the examination of the smears was continued until pure squamous cells were foimd as a result of the vitamin A being used up. The protective effect of vitamin A was registered to be 7.80 0.84 (SD) and 9.75 0.96 (SD) days, respectively. 

Ameen, N. A., Figueroa, Y., and Salas, P. J. (2001b). Anomalous apical plasma membrane phenotype in CK8-deficient mice indicates a novel role for intermediate filaments in the polarization of simple epithelia./. Cell Sci. 114, 563-575. 

Stanley, J. R., Hawley-Nelson, P., Yuspa, S. H., Shevach, E. M., and Katz, S. I. (1981). Characterization of bullous pemphigoid antigen A unique basement membrane protein of stratified squamous epithelia. Cell 24, 897-903. 

Pistritto, G. et al. Expression and transcriptional regulation of caspase-14 in simple and complex epithelia. Cell Death Differ. 9, 995, 2002. 

As a nonspecific fluid-phase endocytosis marker, HRP was used to evaluate the transport characteristics across rat alveolar epithelia cell monolayers. HRP was transported relatively intact (about 50%) across the alveolar barrier via nonspecific fluid-phase endocytosis. The permeability coefficient of HRP was decreased upon lowering the temperature [51], but after conjugation with transferrin via a disulfide linkage, HRP uptake by alveolar cell monolayers was significantly increased. Receptor-mediated internalization of the conjugated HRP was verified by competition for the transferrin receptor [52]. 

Mg -ATPase are also detectable on the luminal surface of the ductular epithelia cells). Even under normal conditions, yet more so in cholestasis, the enzymes are released through the detergent effect of bile acids (in quantitative dependence on their concentration) and can thereby pass into the bile and blood. 

Figure 7.13 The multicontinuous G-PCS membrane system identified as a part of SER retinal pigment epithelia cells of a river lamprey, (a) Projection along the [211] (left) and the [111] (upper right) directions. The lower ri t ows an oblique section which can be understood as cut between the (211) and the (111) planes. Scale bar 1 pm. (b) Eietail of the gyroid membrane showing the four approximately parallel membranes defining 5 different spaces. Scale bv 0.5 pm. Figs, (a) and (b) are reproduced from [92], with permission.

Rongo C, Whitfield CW, Rodal A, Kim SK, Kaplan JM. 1998. LIN-10 is a shared component of the polarized protein localization pathways in neurons and epithelia. Cell 94 751-59... 

Geboes K, Nijs G, Mengs U, Geboes KPS, Van Damme A, de Witte P. Effects of "contact laxatives" on intestinal and colonic epithelia cell proliferation. Pharmacology 1993 47(Suppl 1) 187—95. 

The mucociliary escalator functions when inhaled particles between 2 to 10 pm are deposited on the sticky mucous lining of the tracheobronchial tree and are propelled upward by the movement of this mucous layer in response to the beat of the cilia on the ciliated epithelial cells. This phenomenon is made possible because the mucous layer is biphasic, consisting of a watery solution in direct contact with the epithelia cells in which the cilia are free to beat. This watery solution is covered by a stickier, more adhesive gel layer that can trap and hold inhaled particles. The cilia beat in the wall layer at a rate between 1000 and 1500 strokes per minute such that at the point of their maximum upward velocity, the tips of the cilia come in contact with the gel layer to propel it upward. All recovery strokes subsequently occur in the water layer. This mechanism moves the mucus upward at a rate between 1 and 3 cm/minute. Ultimately, the mucus reaches the pharynx, where it is swallowed. Disease states that either alter the mucus-producing properties of cells in the tracheobronchial tree or decrease ciliary activity will obviously have a deleterious effect on this important clearance mechanism. 

Woods, D. E, Hough, C., Peel, D., Callaini, G., and Bryant, P. J. (1996). Dig protein is required for junction structure, cell polarity, and proliferation control in Drosophila epithelia./. Cell Biol. 134, 1469-1482. 

Figure 2 Initial adhesion of a human blastocyst to endometrial surface epitheha mediated by trophinin. A human blastocyst secretes glycoprotein hormone, hCG. It is likely that a human blastocyst expresses homophilic adhesion molecule trophinin on the trophectoderm surface at embryonic pole in a similar manner as a monkey blastocyst does (36). When the blastocyst comes close to the endometrial epithelia cells, high concentration of hCG derived from blastocyst affects locally the maternal epithelia (left) and induces trophinin expression in narrowly limited region of endometrial epithelia (center) (38). The blastocyst and endometrial epithelia then adhere to each other through trophinin-trophinin binding (right).

Farquhar, M. G., and Palade, G. E. (1963). Junctional complexes in various epithelia. /. Cell... 

O antitrypsin deficiency Fibroblasts Hepatocytes Lung epithelia cells Peritoneal mesothelial cells O antitrypsin... 

Berners-Price also described NHC-Au compounds that targeted the mitochondria and exhibited thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibition properties. Compounds 27 and 31-33 showed toxicity to breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, but did not show toxicity on normal human mammary epithelia cells (Figure 4.8). Compound 28, an intermediate hpophihc complex, showed the best selectivity and cytotoxicity potential. This compound, while being inactive on glutathione reductase, was observed to... 

---