Enzyme structure/function

Apart from mode of action and kinetics of wild type enzymes structure function relationships of these industrially important enzymes is of high interest to provide the necessary knowledge for genetic engineering of desired properties. As a first approach the identification of catalytically important residues was addressed in conjunction with the elucidation of the three dimensional structure [15]. 

Holmquist, M. (2000) Alpha/beta-hydrolase fold enzymes structures, functions and mechanisms. Current Protein Peptide Science, 1, 209-235. 

Eppler et al. [103] viewed these results as having a potential relationship to salt-activated enzyme preparations, particularly in relation to the mobility of enzyme-bound water. Specifically, the authors examined both water mobility [as measured by T2-derived correlation times, (tc)D20] and NaF-activated enzyme activity and observed a linear relationship. This suggests that the salt-activated enzymes contain a more mobile water population than salt-free enzymes, which facilitates a more aqueous-like local environment and dramatically increases enzyme activity through increased flexibility. Therefore, enzyme activation appears to correlate with the properties of enzyme-associated water. Once again, the physicochemical properties of water dictate enzyme structure, function, and dynamics. Hence, salt activation has proven to be a useful technique in activating enzymes for use in organic solvents and has provided a quantitative tool to better understand the role of water in enzymatic catalysis in dehydrated media. 

B. Swensson Starch-degrading enzymes—structure/function insights and improvements by protein engineering... 

Schiavo G, Papini E, Genna G, Montecucco C (1990) An intact interchain disulfide bond is required for the neurotoxicity of tetanus toxin. Infect Immun 58 4136 11 Scott AB, Magoon EH, McNeer KW, Stager DR (1989) Botulinum treatment of strabismus in children. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 87 174-180 discussion 180 1 Scott D (1997) Phospholipase A2 structure and catalytic properties. In Kini R (ed) Venom phospholipase A2 enzymes structure, function and mechanism. John Wiley Sons, Chichester, p 97-128. 

Yang C (1997) Chemical modification and functional sites of phospholipases A2. In Kini R (ed) Venom phospholipase A2 enzymes structure, function and mechanism. Wiley Sons, Chichester, pp 185-204... 

Martmez AT (2007) High redox potential peroxidases. In Polaina J, MacCabe AP (eds) Industrial enzymes structure, function and applications. Springer, Berlin, pp 475-486... 

Gotor-FemSndez, V. and Gotor, V. (2007) Use of lipases in organic synthesis, in Industrial Enzymes Structure, Function and Application (eds ). Polaina and A.P. MacCabe), Springer, Dordrech, The Netherland, Chapter 18. 

Fernandez-Gamba, A., Leal, M.C., Morelli, L., and Castano, E.M. (2009). Insulin-degrading enzyme structure-function relationship and its possible roles in health and disease. Curr Pharm Des 15 3644-3655. 

Skidgel, R.A. (1992) Bradykinin-degrading enzymes Structure, function, distribution, and potential roles in cardiovascular pharmacology. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol, Suppl, 9.. 20.4-9. 

Investigation of Enzyme Structure-Function Relationships by Site-Directed Mutagenesis and RSSF Spectroscopy... 

Hanukoglu, I. (1992). Steroidogenic enzymes Structure, function, and role in regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis. J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol 43, 779-804. 

Significant Applications Use of Rapid-Scanning Stopped-Flow Spectroscopy to Investigate Enzyme Structure-Function Relationships... 

One example of the use of RSSF spectroscopy to explore enzyme structure-function relationships in the tryptophan synthase system in-... 

Keywords OMP decarboxylase Isotope effects Alternate substrate Enzyme inhibition Enzyme structure/function... 

J. Polaina and A. P. MacCabe, eds. Industrial Enzymes Structure, Function and Applications, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2007. 

Holmquist, M. 2000. Alpha Beta-Hydrolase Fold Enzymes Structures, Functions and Mechanisms. Current Protein Peptide Science 1 (2) 209-235. 

Divakar S, Manchar B. 2007. Use of lipases in the industrial production of esters. In Poleiina J, MacCabe A (editors). Industrial enzymes structure, function and application. Dordrecht, Germany Springer, pp. 283-300. 

Primarily due to their clinical importance, /3-lactamases have been extensively studied with respect to enzyme structure, function, induction, secretion, and transfer of genetic elements. The wealth of biological, biochemical, and genetic information of the /3-lactamases and their genes (e.g., bla) has led to the use of the bla system as one of the most important selection marker/reporters in recombinant DNA technology. 

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