Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay commercial kits

Currently, various practical methods can be employed to accurately measure the amounts of leukotrienes and lipoxins in biological samples. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, for example, are available from commercial sources and display both high specificity and high sensitivity (up to the low ng/pg range). These provide the quickest detection of material released in incubation supernatants, or derived from cellular material. They are complemented by more refined and complex, yet widely employed, approaches based on chromatographic and/or spectroscopic analyses. 

C9. Craig, W. Y., Poulin, S. E., Forster, N. R., Neveux, L. M., Wald, N. J., and Ledue, T. B., Effect of sample storage on the assay of lipoprotein(a) by commercial available radial immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Clin. Chem. (Winston-Salem, NC) 38, 550-553 (1992). 

Leiby, D.A. et al. Serologic Testing for Trypanosoma cruzi Comparison of radioimmunoprecipitation assay with commercially available indirect immunofluorescence assay. Indirect hemagglutination assay, and enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay kits. J Clin Microbiol 2000 38 639-42. 

Antibodies are a powerful and essential tool in scientific laboratories being used in an array of applications such as immuno-histochemistry, immunobloting, immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The different sources for antibodies include polyclonal antisera from immunized animals and monoclonal antibodies from cells in culture or from ascites in animals. Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have their advantages, and or disadvantages, but in general the production of monoclonal antibodies is more time consuming and requires tissue culture facilities and skills. The use of either monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies in some of the applications may require that the antibody is in a purified form. They can be purified by a variety of methods described in the next few chapters. The availability of commercially available kits primarily designed for the purification of IgG and IgM classes of antibodies derived from all common animal species should also be mentioned. 

The use of immunoassay techniques for the determination of PAHs has been reviewed. Immunoassay is based on the coupling of a specific biological antibody in the detection device with the analyte either directly in water or extracted from solid samples and diluted in buffer solution. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most common immunoassay technique employed in commercially available test kits. Water samples or soil extracts are added with an enzyme conjugate reagent to immobilized antibodies where the conjugate competes with PAHs for binding to the antibodies. ELISA test kit sensitivity and crossreactivity depends on the PAH used to raise the antibody. Antiphenanthrene or antffluoranthene antibodies raised in host animals are the most commonly employed. Test kits will be most sensitive to the PAH from which the antibody was... 

Despite the investment in proteomics, the introduction of new protein tests in human medicine has not dramatically increased over the last decade and, to some extent, has been disappointing (Pognan 2004) except in animal clinical chemistry, where the number of available assays has improved due to availability of suitable antisera and commercial investment. If key proteins, which are highly diagnostic, are identihed by proteomics, then commercially available reagent kits in suitable formats for liquid chemistry analyzers, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, or chip technology are required to ensure wider application of these potential biomarkers. 

TNF-a Levels. TNF-a levels of the cell-free supernatant were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using commercial ELISA kits (BioSource International, Camarillo, CA). The color developed was measured by... 

Park, C. E., Ahkatar, M., and Rayman, M. K. 1992. Nonspecific reactions of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (TECRA) for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins in foods. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58 2509-2512. 

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