Enzyme infrared spectroscopy

Ref. 277 unless otherwise noted gc = gas chromatography hplc = high pressure Hquid chromatography ir = infrared spectroscopy uv = ultraviolet spectroscopy glc = ga sliquid chromatography eia = enzyme immunoassay vis = visible spectroscopy. 

Although the majority of the lipids in M. laidlawii membranes appear to be in a liquid-crystalline state, the system possesses the same physical properties that many other membranes possess. The ORD is that of a red-shifted a-helix high resolution NMR does not show obvious absorption by hydrocarbon protons, and infrared spectroscopy shows no ft structure. Like erythrocyte ghosts, treatment with pronase leaves an enzyme-resistant core containing about 20% of the protein of the intact membrane (56). This residual core retains the membrane lipid and appears membranous in the electron microscope (56). Like many others, M. laidlawii membranes are solubilized by detergents and can be reconstituted by removal of detergent. Apparently all of these properties can be consistent with a structure in which the lipids are predominantly in the bilayer conformation. The spectroscopic data are therefore insufficient to reject the concept of a phospholipid bilayer structure or to... 

NADH by fluorescence Raman (Micro-) Spectroscopy Infrared Spectroscopy Pyrolysis Mass Spectroscopy NMR spectroscopy Lipid pattern by GC Some Small key metabolites Some enzyme activities Stress markers by electrophoresis or mRNA blot Small key metabolites... 

For the assay of enzymes with products and reagents that have no absorption, fluorescence or luminescence in the ultraviolet or visible region, developments in analytical infrared spectroscopy can be used. In particular, mid-Fourier transform infrared (mFTIR) spectroscopy has been successfully applied to the determination of enzyme activities and kinetics, e.g. of /i-fructosidasc, phosphoglucose isomerase and polyphenol oxidase [90]. The method could very well be a tool that may also be applied to a variety of other enzyme classes. The potential of high-throughput applications, however, has yet to be demonstrated. 

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