Environmental resistance parameters affecting

Plant water status is affected by environmental pollution and consequently influences plant function at every level of biological organisation. It can be characterized by measurements of the relative water content (RWC), the water deficit, the water potential ( P ) and the osmotic potential ( Fq), along with transpiration rate and stomatal resistance. Since for the latter four parameters, tissue samples are removed from the plant, they are usually determined in the end of an experiment. If several sampling times are needed, then additional plants/replicates must be included. 

As we saw in the preceding discussion, several mechanical parameters can be derived from stress-strain tests. Two of these parameters are of particular significance from a design viewpoint. These are strength and stiffness. For some applications, the ultimate tensile strength is the useful parameter, but most polymer products are loaded well below their breaking points. Indeed, some polymers deform excessively before rupture and this makes them unsuitable for use. Therefore, for most polymer applications, stiffness (resistance to deformation under applied load) is the parameter of prime importance. Modulus is a measure of stiffness. We will now consider how various structural and environmental factors affect modulus in particular and other mechanical properties in general. 

Heat comfort is affected by six factors which are four environmental parameters including dry bulb temperature, relative humidity of air, wind velocity and average radiant temperature, and two anthropometric parameters including activity intensity of human body and heat-resistance of clothes, which has been proved by lots of researches (Fanger P O et al. 1974, Zeng G et al. 2007, Wang S G et al. 2010). 

On a physical level, the number of thermal cycles to failure is affected by the strain imposed on the Cu in each cycle and the fatigue resistance of the copper. These factors are in turn controlled by a number of environmental, material, and manufacturing parameters. Low-cycle metal fatigue, in which most of the strain is plastic strain, can be treated approximately with the Coffin-Manson relation ... 

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