Engine ethanol-gasoline blends

Technical Aspects of the Use of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends in Spark Ignition Engines... 

Certain minor driveability problems can occur when using ethanol-gasoline blends in engines which are set-up for optimum performance with gasoline. With gasohol, under certain conditions, driveability problems may include ... 

Eor a considerable period, >90% of the new cars in Brazil operated on E96 fuel, or a mixture of 96% ethanol and 4% water (82). The engines have high compression ratios (ca 12 1) to utilize the high knock resistance of ethanol and deUver optimum fuel economy. In 1989 more than one-third of Brazil s 10 million automobiles operated on 96% ethanol/4% water fuel. The remainder ran on gasoline blends containing up to 20% ethanol (5). 

ASTM D-4806, Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines. 

Biomass to liquid (BTL) refers mainly to projects that utilize crops - such as corn or sugar beets - to produce ethanol, which can be blended with gasoline or burned in modified engines. Ethanol projects are exploding... 

Ethanol derived from corn currently dominates the alternatives, with 40% of all gasoline now containing some ethanoL A blend of 10% ethanol and 90% gasohne, called ElO, is the most common blend because it can be used in virtually all vehicles. Blends of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline, called E85, are also available but can be used only with specially modified engines ( FIGURE 1.20). 

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