Energy unconventional

Other sources of energy worth noting are the extensive wind farms, solar projects, and related emerging unconventional technologies. These renewable resources provide only small quantities of energy to the U.S. economy as of this writing. 

Windmills (induction generators) as an unconventional energy source, vertical hollow shaft motors and submersible pump sets, selection of belts for transmission of load, the phenomenon of shaft currents are discussed. 

This study suggests a radically new explanation for the nature of Lewis acid activation in the Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation. The five-centered migration of the halide ion from the chloromethylzinc group to zinc chloride as shown in TS2 and TS4 has never been considered in the discussion of a mechanism for this reaction. It remains to be seen if some experimental support can be found for this unconventional hypothesis. The small energy differences between all these competing transition states demand caution in declaring any concrete conclusions. 

Hinman, G. W. (1991). Unconventional Petroleum Resources. In The Energy Sourcebook, ed. R. Howes and A. Faiiiberg. New York American Institute of Physics. Lee, S. (1996). Applied Technology Series Alternative Fuels. New York Taylor Francis. 

As much as two-thirds of conventional crude oil discovered in U.S. fields remain unproduced, left behind because of the physics of fluid flow. In addition, hydrocarbons in unconventional rocks or that have unconventional characteristics (such as oil in fractured shales, kerogen in oil shale or bitumen in tar sands) constitute an enormous potential domestic supply of energy. 

Microwave (MW) activation as an unconventional energy source has become very popular and useful technology in organic chemistry, as shown recently in an exhaustive review [1], The annual number of publications on microwave-assisted organic chemistry is growing rapidly with more than thousand publications in print since the pioneering work of Gedye [2] in 1986 (Fig. 3.1). 

At the heart of the book stands the question of how the growing energy demand in the transport sector can be met in the long term, when conventional (easy) oil will be running out. Among the principal options are unconventional oil from oil sands or oil shale, synthetic Fischer-Tropsch fuels on the basis of gas or coal, biofuels,... 

Resource estimates and current production Natural gas from coal is present wherever coal is found and, as coal is found in great quantities throughout the world (see Section 3.5), natural gas from coal may represent a large energy source. As for all types of unconventional gas, the published reserve and resource figures show great variations and are often based on estimations from incomplete data. In addition, as... 

DOE (US Department of Energy) (2007b). America s Strategic Unconventional Fuels. Volume I - Preparation Strategy, Plan and Recommendations. Task Force on Strategic Unconventional Fuels, www.unconventionalfuels.org. 

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