Energy-efficient thermal recovery

The major emissions from the combustion of fuel are C02, SO, NO and particulates14. The products of combustion are best minimized by making the process efficient in its use of energy through efficient heat recovery and avoiding unnecessary thermal oxidation of waste through minimization of process waste. Flue gas emissions can be minimized at source by ... 

Thermal Recovery of Oil from Tar Sands by an Energy-Efficient Process... 

Since foundries deal with a thermal process, energy efficiency and management of the generated heat are important enviromnental aspects. However, due to the high amount of transport and handling of the heat carrier (i.e. the metal) and due to its slow cooling, the recovery of heat is not always straightforward. 

Although mechanical applications are currently by far the most important aims for the development of materials and parts based on carbides and borides, this may easily change to the benefit of thermal and electrical applications if there is an improvement in the understanding and control of the semiconductivity of B4C and a breakthrough in the manufacture of suitable parts. Moreover, thermal applications may increase considerably in importance as more efficient energy conversion or recovery becomes a significant requirement. 

Long, N.V.D. and Lee, M. (2012b) Improvement of natural gas liquid recovery energy efficiency through thermally coupled distillation arrangement. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 7, 71-77. 

Calculation of natural gas requirements for thermal recovery process such as steam injection for West Sak heavy oil show that approximately 18 TSCF of natural gas would be needed. These calculations assume the heating value of natural gas as 1000 Btu/SCF, efficiency of steam generator to be 70%, oil-steam ratio of 0.2, ultimate oil recovery of 30% of original oil in place and, energy content of steam to be 1160 Btu/lb. 

Thermal recovery efficiency must be at least 60%, and at least 75% of the recovered energy must be exported (i.e., not for internal boiler uses). 

The evaluation should include heat and material balances and should examine major consumers of the thermal energy outside the evaporator area. The most efficient heat-recovery system is usually one that can be used as a heat sink to receive waste heat, and the best location for this may be In another area which can readily receive a high-temperature stream for the evaporator. 

Plastics can in general be considered to perform well with respect to their environmental impact. These lightweight materials make efficient use of resources and energy during their manufacture, transport, and appUcation. After use they offer high energy potential that can be exploited in thermal recovery. Other recovery options can also be applied. 

TABLE 25-67 Typical Thermal Efficiency and Plant Use and Loss Factors for Individual Components and Processes Used for Recovery of Energy from Solid Wastes... 

The preceding section reviewed the application of popular prime movers for the generation of electrical power only. In the conversion of fuel energy to electricity it is shown that heat is rejected, either in the exhaust of a diesel or gas turbine or, alternatively, in the condenser of a thermal power plant. It can be seen that by applying these machines to provide both heat and electricity the total energy recovery can be much greater and efficiency thereby improved. Combined heat and power (CHP) schemes of this nature are well-established methods of producing both heat and power efficiently and economically. 

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