Energy efficiency rating

Efficiency data are seasonal energy efficiency ratings (SEER) for cooling and heating seasonal performance factors (HSPF) for heating. 

Appliance Energy Efficiency Ratings - The ratings under which specified appliances convert energy sources into useful energy, as determined by procedures established by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

An energy efficiency rating of 76% had already been achieved in the production of hydrogen with the first 40 Nm /h-class membrane reformer system the second system was designed to improve on this. For this purpose, the 40 NmVh-class membrane reformer was operated at a higher methane conversion rate and reduced natural gas input, steam-to-carbon ratio, auxiliary power consumption and heat losses. These improvements were expected to increase the efficiency up to 80% on the system design basis. 

Design Methods. Improvements ia the ability to predict multicomponent equilibrium and mass-transfer rate performance will allow significant improvements ia the design of new adsorption systems and ia the energy efficiency of existing systems. 

From equation 23, it can be seen that the higher the power input per unit volume, the lower the oxygen transfer efficiency. Therefore, devices should be compared at equal transfer rates. AH devices become less energy efficient as rates of transfer increase (3). 

The UPI and MI retorts are processing 7000 t/d (7700 short tons/d) of Irati shale to produce 24,381 m /d (3870 bbl) of shale as well as 80 t (55 short tons) of LPG, 132 t (145 short tons) of clean fuel gas, and 98 t (108 short tons) of sulfur. The SIX plant has reached its design rate (Table 16) in an energy efficient manner with a high on-stream (operating) factor. 

Further incentives to use energy-efficient motors are provided by various cost rebate programs offered by utilities based on norsepower rating and efficiency level. Another factor that will have a significant impact is the Energy Policy Act of 1992, in which the U.S. Congress established limits on the lowest level of nominal efficiency that certain classes of motors of standard design can have after 1997. 

Air conditioning systems have been traditionally compared and rated by cooling and/or heating capacity and, more recently, energy efficiency. Capacity is expressed in British thermal units per hour (Bttili) or in watts. Energy efficiency is expressed as the operat-... 

The potential of mass transit to provide transportation sendees with low energy consumption relies on the high capacity of transit vehicles, since these vehicles have higher energy consumption per vehicle distance traveled compared to private motorized vehicles or nonmotorized modes. Therefore the occupancy rate of transit service is a key factor in determining its energy efficiency. This rate can be measured by the ratio of person distance traveled to vehicle distance traveled. 

The energy efficiency of transit per passenger distance traveled depends both on its usage rate (person travel per vehicle travel) and its fuel efficiency (fuel consumption per vehicle travel). The transit vehicles with the greatest potential for energy efficiency gains... 

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