Energy dissipation devices

The considered experimented set - up can be applied in two different ways. The first one is to use is as a semiconductor sensor cooler with low heat dissipation to cool the sensor down to the ambient temperature. It is interesting to be applied in cryogenic range of temperatures. The second option is related with the cooler for high energy dissipation devices (for example laser diode cooler). The first set of experiments was performed with sorption heat pipe and ammonia as a working fluid to demonstrate the basic possibility to decrease the temperature of the heat loaded wall to compare with the temperature of this wall in the phase of loop heat pipe cooling mode. 

Ciampi V., (1998), A methodology for the design of energy dissipation devices for the seismic protection of bridges, U.S.-Italy Workshop on Seismic Protective Systems for Bridges, New York, 27-28 Apr. 1998... 

Computational simulation of the seismic response of buildings with energy dissipating devices... 

Figure 6 Half part of 2D precast industrial frame. I Normal frame 2 Energy dissipating devices incorporated (diagonal elements). 3 Numerical model of column and beam cross sections.

Mata, R, Oiler, S., Barbat, A.H. Boroschek, R. 2006. Numerical code for seismic analysis of structures incorporating energy dissipating devices. First European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, ECEES, Geneva, Switzerland. 

Shen, K.L. Soong, T.T. 2005. Design of energy dissipation devices based on concept of damage control. Journal of Structural Engineering 122(1 ) 76-82. 

The dynamic response of civil engineering structures subjected to earthquake excitation can be reduced by using passive control systems such as energy dissipation devices (e.g. viscous dampers, etc.). The advantage of these systems with respect to active and semi-active control systems consist in the fact that they don t require any power supply, therefore are quite reliable and they require least maintenance. 

The seismic response of structures subjected to earthquake excitations may be effectively reduced by incorporating any of various kinds of available passive energy dissipation devices (Soong and Dargush 1997). Niunerous are the studies related to optimal placement and capacity of damping coefficient for linear multistory buildings. 

Hanson, R. D., Soong, T. T. (2001). Seismic design with supplemental energy dissipation devices. EERlMonograph No. 8. Oakland, CA Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. 

Viscoelastic (VE) Dampers A wide class of energy dissipation devices whose force-displacement relationship has viscoelastic mechanical properties. In recent decades, VE dampers have been widely used to reduce vibration in civil engineering structures caused by various excitations. 

Abe, M., Fujino, Y. (1998). Optimal design of passive energy dissipation devices for seismic protection ofbridges. [in Japanese]. JStructMech Earthquake Eng, 605(45), 41-52. 

In antiseismic design the mechanical elements that are able to dissipate energy are called energy dissipative devices (EDDs) this modem approach to seismic resistant design is now spreading and widening, also thanks to the development of devices obtained by using irmovative materials or materials traditionally utilized for different use. 

Foti, D., Nobile, R. (2000). Characterization tests of new aluminium and steel energy dissipating devices. 5th International Conference on Computational Structures Technology Identification, Control and Optimisation of Engineering Structures. Leuven, Belgium Civil-Comp Press. 

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