Binary encoding

Encode the binary sequence B in the coefficient sequence S using the hardcopy watermark procedure described in Section 3.1 below, and obtain the watermarked coefficients sequence X=(xi,..., X2n)- The procedure encodes binary sequences of length n in a coefficient sequences of length 2n until the sequence S=(si,..., S2n) is exhausted. 

Fig. 30. Results of orthogonal circular polarization holographic optical data storage on BR-D96N film by Fourier transformation holographic method, (a) stored file (b) encoded binary monochromic image (c) retrieval diffractive image (d) decoded result (e) retrieved file (1) measurement of size of hologram (one grid of the scale corresponds to lOjim).

The kernel function measures the similarity between pairs of patterns, typically as a dot product between munerical vectors. The usual numerical encoding for protein sequences is based on a 20-digit vector that encodes (binary) the presence/absence of a certain amino acid in a position. To explore new ways of encoding the structural information from biosequences, various kernels have been proposed for the prediction of biochemical properties directly from a given sequence. 

Suppose a state s is encoded as a binary string of 10 O s and 10 I s , s = 10101010..., While the number of raw bits defining s is huge, its algorithmic complexity is actually very small because it can be reproduced exactly by the following short program . On the other hand, a completely... 

Recently, Teymour and coworkers developed an interesting computational technique called the digital encoding for copolymerization compositional modeling [20,21], Their method uses symbolic binary arithmetic to represent the architecture of a copolymer chain. Here, each binary number describes the exact monomer sequence on a specific polymer chain, and its decimal equivalent is a unique identifier for this chain. Teymour et al. claim that the... 

The fields that are derived on a grid can be encoded into lengthy binary [167] or real-valued descriptors [147]. Also, an abstract description as the so-called field graphs has been attempted [197]. Another approach to convert fields back into linear descriptors is to extract the characteristic features [198]. 

Structural keys have been used in chemoinformatics for many years, and are usually encoded by a binary array, each element of which denotes the... 

The mapping of a watermark message m onto a sequence of watermark letter depends on the coded modulation technique. However, in all schemes considered, the message m is first mapped onto a binary sequence b, with one element hn G 0,1 for each host-data element. Fig. 8 depicts the block diagrams for the encoding of b into d for 4-aiy-CC-TCM,... 

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