Encapsulation requirements

Corrective Action Application TRW Corporation has developed one type of encapsulation system (U.S.EPA 1980). The TRW surface encapsulation requires that the waste material be thoroughly dried. The dried waste is stirred into an acetone solution of modified... 

Most UV photodiodes have a sealed metal TO package with an entrance window made of glass or special UV-transmitting glass. A TO housing is extremely reliable but it often counts for a non-negligible part of the sensor costs. Cheaper housings that should be favored for consumer-product applications like in household appliances are hard to find. Full-plastic encapsulation requires a UV-transpar-... 

Intrinsic safety ia, ib, ic (note 4) EN 60079-11 (EN 61241-11 only until August 4th 2014 harmonized) The electronic circuits must satisfy the requirements of group II B of lEC 60079-11. Protection level IP 6X or encapsulation required. Limitation of the temperatures of all outer surfaces Measurement and control devices, communication devices, sensors, actors... 

The condition of encapsulation requires that, once incorporated inside the pores, the entrapped guest species cannot leave the support. This is different from simple adsorption, in which an adsorbate can freely diffuse in and out of the solid pores and is in equilibrium with the hquid or gaseous phase surrounding the... 

Saturation bonding is used in conjunction with processes that require rapid binder addition, such as card-bond systems, and for fabfic appHcations that require strength and maximum fiber encapsulation, such as carrier fabrics. Eiber encapsulation is achieved by totally immersing the web in a binder... 

Sulfur polymer cement shows promise as an encapsulation and stabilization agent for use with low level radioactive and mixed wastes. Use of SPC allows accommodation of larger percentages of waste than PCC. As of this writing (1997), SPC-treated waste forms have met requirements of both the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 

Chloriaated paraffias and modified types are used as solvents ia carbonless copyiag paper production based on the encapsulation of a solution of reactive dyes. Chloriaated paraffias fiiUfill the technical requirements for a solvent including excellent solvency for the dyes they do not react with the dyes nor encapsulation material, are immiscible with water, and have low volatihty and low odor. 

For example, chloride and duoride ions, even in trace amounts (ppm), could cause the dissolution of aluminum metallization of complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices. CMOS is likely to be the trend of VLSI technology and sodium chloride is a common contaminant. The protection of these devices from the effects of these mobile ions is an absolute requirement. The use of an ultrahigh purity encapsulant to encapsulate the passivated IC is the answer to some mobile ion contaminant problems. 

Erythrocyte Entrapment of Enzymes. Erythrocytes have been used as carriers for therapeutic enzymes in the treatment of inborn errors (249). Exogenous enzymes encapsulated in erythrocytes may be useful both for dehvery of a given enzyme to the site of its intended function and for the degradation of pathologically elevated, diffusible substances in the plasma. In the use of this approach, it is important to determine that the enzyme is completely internalized without adsorption to the erythrocyte membrane. Since exposed protein on the erythrocyte surface may ehcit an immune response following repeated sensitization with enzyme loaded erythrocytes, an immunologic assessment of each potential system in animal models is required prior to human trials (250). 

The RTV rubbers find use in the building industry for caulking and in the electrical industry for encapsulation. It also provides a useful casting material for craft work. Perhaps most important of all it provides a method for producing rubbery products with the simplest of equipment and can frequently solve a problem where only a small number of articles are required. 

The surface of the substrate, the silicone/substrate interface, and the bulk properties of silicones all play significant and influential roles that affect practical adhesion and performance of the silicone. The design of silicone adhesives, sealants, coatings, encapsulants or any products where adhesion property is needed requires the development chemist to have a thorough understanding of both silicone chemistry and adhesion phenomena. 

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