Encapsulation inhibited

Injected formulation of leuptoleine and triptoreline [57773-63 ] ate used to treat metastasized cancer of the prostrate, whereas an encapsulated formulation of bromocryptin [25614-03-3] is used to inhibit milk production in women after pregnancy. The performance of encapsulated hormonal polypeptides is weU documented (47). Injectable biodegradable mictocapsules loaded with fertUity control agents have been under development for a number of years and have been carried to various stages of clinical development (48) (see Contraceptives). 

In these systems, particularly systems such as potassium chloride polymer, the role of bentonite is diminished because the chemical environment is designed to collapse and encapsulate the clays since this reaction is required to stabilize water-sensitive formations. The clay may have a role in the initial formulation of an inhibited fluid to provide the solids to create a filter cake. 

The chemical treatment methods reduce dispersability property, of drilling fluids through the increase of size of cuttings which improves separation and prevents the buildup of colloidal solids in the mud. These methods include ionic inhibition, cuttings encapsulation, oil phase inhibition (with oil-base muds), and flocculation. The mechanical solids removal methods are based on the principles presented in Table 4-55. 

Probucol, another di-r-butyl phenol, is an anti-atherosclerotic agent that can suppress the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in addition to lowering cholesterol levels. The antioxidant activity of probucol was measured, using EPR, with oxidation of methyl linoleate that was encapsulated in liposomal membranes or dissolved in hexane. Probucol suppressed ffee-radical-mediated oxidation. Its antioxidant activity was 17-fold less than that of tocopherol. This difference was less in liposomes than in hexane solution. Probucol suppressed the oxidation of LDL as efficiently as tocopherol. This work implies that physical factors as well as chemical reactivity are important in determining overall lipid peroxidation inhibition activity (Gotoh et al., 1992). 

This study has shown that typical coating biocides can be encapsulated within modified silica frameworks. These porous frameworks offer a means to inhibit the aqueous extraction of the biocide. In such combinations the biocides retain their anti-microbial properties, while controlled delivery facilitates a dynamic equilibrium to maintain a minimum inhibitory concentration at the coating interface, over an extended time period. There is evidence that biocide housed in such frameworks has a longer effective activity for a given initial concentration, since it is to some extent protected from the usual environmental degradation processes. 

Akagi et al. demonstrated the use of nanoparticles composed of amphiphilic poly (amino acid) derivatives as vaccine delivery and adjuvants [62, 102-104]. To evaluate the uptake of OVA encapsulated within y-PGA-Phe nanoparticles (OVA-NPs) by DCs, murine bone marrow-derived DCs were incubated with 250 nm-sized OVA-NPs for 30 min at 37 °C. The cells were then analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). OVA-NPs were efficiently taken up into DCs, whereas the uptake of OVA alone was barely detectable at the same concentration of OVA (Fig. 13). OVA-NPs were more efficiently taken up than OVA alone by DCs, and the uptake of OVA-NPs was inhibited at 4 °C. These results suggest that OVA-NPs were phagocytosed mainly via endocytosis by the DCs. In the case of OVA alone, an approximately 30-fold... 

Similarly to the phospholipid polymers, the MPC polymers show excellent biocompatibility and blood compatibility [43—48]. These properties are based on the bioinert character of the MPC polymers, i.e., inhibition of specific interaction with biomolecules [49, 50]. Recently, the MPC polymers have been applied to various medical and pharmaceutical applications [44-47, 51-55]. The crosslinked MPC polymers provide good hydrogels and they have been used in the manufacture of soft contact lenses. We have applied the MPC polymer hydrogel as a cell-encapsulation matrix due to its excellent cytocompatibility. At the same time, to prepare a spontaneously forming reversible hydrogel, we focused on the reversible covalent bonding formed between phenylboronic acid and polyol in an aqueous system. 

Encapsulation of a metal ion by a saturated organic framework is expected to lead to robust metal derivatives which are stable over a wide pH range and thus, for example, inhibit the hydrolysis which is characteristic of certain metal ions in aqueous solution. In this manner, the non-hydrolytic coordination chemistry of these ions in solution becomes accessible. Similarly, the redox chemistry of such encapsulated ions is of special interest, since there exists the prospect that the saturated organic shell might insulate the metal ion to a greater or lesser degree from the surrounding medium and hence markedly influence electron transfer reactions. 

Tumor Growth Inhibition Study with DQAsomal Encapsulated Paclitaxel (43)... 

Encapsulation of organic ion-radicals markedly changes their chemical reactivity. It inhibits undesirable interactions and increases the desired properties due to shielding effects. Encapsulation is usually considered as host-guest or inclusion reactions. 

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