Embodying Change

Once a change has taken place in an organisation it is easy to heave a sigh of relief and assume that the manager s job is done. This is not the case until such change 

It would be a very poor R D organisation that was not both creative and innovative. That said, creativity and innovation are easily stifled or destroyed even in formerly effective groups. Like tender plants they only flourish in a suitable environment and are in need of constant nourishment, as is discussed in Section B. There are many actions that a Manager can take to help nurture the process of creativity and innovation and create the right climate in which chemists and other scientists can operate. To assist in this process the Manager needs to understand the characteristics of creative individuals and also the various pathways from creativity to innovative products or processes. A description of these and the techniques and aids involved forms the body of the first part of this Section. 

The exploitation of intellectual property has to be considered early in the R D cycle. The choice of the exploitation pathway materially affects the scale and type of R D resource that will be needed. For instance, an opportunity may be further developed in house by joint venture if one or more partner is needed or by licensing the technology if it is outside the company s area of expertise. 

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The creation terms embody the changes in momentum arising from external forces in accordance with Newton s second law (F = ma). The body forces arise from gravitational, electrostatic, and magnetic fields. The surface forces are the shear and normal forces acting on the fluid diffusion of momentum, as manifested in viscosity, is included in these terms. In practice the vector equation is usually resolved into its Cartesian components and the normal stresses are set equal to the pressures over those surfaces through which fluid is flowing. 

ISO/TS 16949 embodies section 4 of ISO 9001 in its entirety within boxed text, with the additional requirements that apply to the automotive sector outside the boxes. As the original ISO 9001 text has not been changed except as stated in Part 1 Chapter 3, there are several instances where an additional requirement amplifies, extends, or modifies the original ISO 9001 requirement. In general the additional requirements have been addressed in this book under separate headings so that the reader has an explanation of the ISO 9001 requirement and, in a subsequent paragraph, an explanation of the additional requirement. 

Engineering change orders not yet incorporated into the design data but embodied in the part... 

Prior to commencement of production, design changes do not require any modification documentation, the design changes being incorporated in prototypes by rework or rebuild. However, when product is in production, instructions will need to be provided so that the modification can be embodied in the product. These modification instructions should detail ... 

To determine the stage at which the change should be embodied... 

Produce procedures for tracking embodiment of changes to customer documents. 

It is clear that nonconfigurational factors are of great importance in the formation of solid and liquid metal solutions. Leaving aside the problem of magnetic contributions, the vibrational contributions are not understood in such a way that they may be embodied in a statistical treatment of metallic solutions. It would be helpful to have measurements both of ACP and A a. (where a is the thermal expansion coefficient) for the solution process as a function of temperature in order to have an idea of the relative importance of changes in the harmonic and the anharmonic terms in the potential energy of the lattice. 

Various types of intermediate behaviour embodying features of more than one of these effects can be visualized. In addition to the considerations (i)—(iii) above, the interface may behave as a source or sink for the creation and/or annihilation of imperfections such as lattice defects and electrons, which can be important participants in the overall change (for clarity, such effects have not been included in Fig. 8). The decomposition characteristics of many solids are influenced by externally supplied energy such as irradiation, cold working, etc. 

To conclude this section, we can state that all of the theories presented hitherto, even when starting from general principles, inevitably embody several assumptions, which in fact represent the heart of the analysis. However, the physical meaning of these assumptions usually is not known, so that no theory is able to predict in which reaction series isokinetic behavior appears and in which it does not. Neither is the structural theory of organic chemistry able to make such a prediction and to define the terms reaction series or similar reactions or small structure changes it can only afford many examples. 

Out of the work with HT-XPIPE it became clear to the consortium that there was a need to expand the automated molecular replacement protocol embodied in HT-XPIPE to handle scenarios in which either the target was a new project or ligand-binding caused a packing change in the protein that... 

The preceding section has introduced redox reactions as those involving transfer of electrons. It has particularly been noted that copper and zinc are in direct contact. So, the electron transfer occurs between the two entities over a distance of separation of the order of one or a few molecular diameters. Thus, the redox change is a chemical reaction wherein, as embodied in the description, oxidation and reduction always go side by side, or in other... 

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