Eliciting antigen

It is helpful to know the chemistry of fixatives in order to understand their action and avoid artifacts (4). Most commonly studied antigens are either proteins or carbohydrates. Many of these molecules are soluble in aqueous solutions and need to be fixed in place in cells. Insoluble antigens also need to be structurally preserved (/). All chemical fixatives will cause chemical and conformational changes in the protein structure of cells with lesser changes noted for carbohydrate antigens (5). Secondary and tertiary structures of proteins are the most important for eliciting antigenicity and chemical fixatives usually disturb these conformations (3). 

Sinha S, Sreevat SA, Gupta SK, Sengupta U. Comparative study of immunizing and delayed hypersensitivity eliciting antigens of Mycobacterium leprae, M tuberculosis, M vaccae, and M bovis (BCG). Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1987 5(l) 42-53. 

SPC and SPI may be used in diets fed to weanling pigs instead of SBM may be used because the ingredients are thought not to elicit antigenic responses in the pigs (Sohn et al., 1994). However, differences may exist among sources of SPCs, and extrusion of SPC may improve the nutritional value (Li et al., 1991). However, the cost of SPI is usually at a level that is prohibitive for use in diets fed to swine. 

Igarashi H, Koizumi K, Muranaka M (1978) Eliciting antigenicities of benzylpenicillin, ampicillin and carbenicillin preparations examined with the reagin-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis system. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 57 341-348 Jansson S-0, Andersson I (1977) Determination of salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic anhydride and acetylsalicylsalicylic acid in acetylsalicylic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Acta Pharm Suec 14 161-170... 

Facciabene A, Aurisicchio L, Elia L et al. Vectors encoding carcinoembryonic antigen fused to the B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin elicit antigen-specific immune responses and antitumor ef cts. Vaccine 2007 26(l) 47-58. 

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