Elemi

ELEMICIN In varying amounts in citronella, elemi, mace, nutmeg, parsley snakeroot and tarragon. 

The literature states that if one uses ice cold, concentrated sulfuric acid on a terminal alkene (a.k.a. allylbenzene) an alcohol (OH) intermediate will form Markovnikoviy on the secondary carbon (don t ask). What does this mean Let s take an example. Say one has some elemi oil and wants that elemicin that is in it. What one can do is chili, say, 500mLs of the oil to freezing and do the same for about 100-200mLs of concentrated sulfuric acid (at least 90% cone.). Next, one just mixes the two together for about 5 min. What will happen is that the cold H2SO4 will make a hydrogen... 

Gum Elemi. This resin, tapped from trees in the Philippines, contains a higher concentration of essential oils than other natural resins. It is a soft, sticky, plastic material that can be deformed manually. Gum elemi [9000-75-3] contains 20—25% essential oils, 13—19% acids, 30—35% resenes (condensed decarboxylated resin acids), and 20—25% terpenic resinols (condensed terpene alcohols). It has an acid number of 20—35 and a saponification number of 20—40. Gum elemi is a film-forming plasticizing resin used in lacquers. 

Cyclohexanoae is miscible with methanol, ethanol, acetone, benzene, / -hexane, nitrobenzene, diethyl ether, naphtha, xylene, ethylene glycol, isoamyl acetate, diethylamine, and most organic solvents. This ketone dissolves cellulose nitrate, acetate, and ethers, vinyl resias, raw mbber, waxes, fats, shellac, basic dyes, oils, latex, bitumea, kaure, elemi, and many other organic compounds. 

The elemi of commerce is tbe balsamic exudation of Caiuiri nm luzanifnni, tbe Manila elemi, which is produced entirely in tbe Philippine fshtudo. Many other species ot Ciinuritim vield similar products, which, however, are scarcelv commercial articles. 

Manila elemi yields from lb to d(J per cent, of essential oil, whose odour is largely that of pbcHandtene. The oil has the following char-... 

An Elemi oil from SviUthern Nigeria has been found to contain luuch phellandrene and to have a spectfio gravity O bhSh and rotatioo +-. 70". 30",... 

An oil from Cameroon F.lemi - has Iweo found to have a specific 0-9.53, and is materially dllTerert from all other elemi oil.s ex-... 

West Indian Elemi oil is distilled from Darroi/de.v the ilnrseracetc. The vield of oil is about 16 per cent., tiie oil having a specific gravity 0-8875 and optical rotalioo - id"" 20. More found tr-pineue and f-sylvesLi-eiiC in the oil. The presence of the latter terpene has been confirmed by Schimme). A Co. ... 

He found that the d-phellandrene from elemi and bitter fennel oils were identical, and that i-phellandrene from eucalyptus oil is the laevo-rotatory variety of the same terpene. To these he assigned the names d-a-phellandrene and i-a-phellandrene. The d-phellandrene from water fennel oil differs from these and is named d-/3-phellandrene. The following are the characters of the purest specimens of natural phellandrene yet obtained —... 

Clover 2 has isolated a terpene from elemi oil, which he claims to be pure o-phellandrene, and which has an optical rotation of -i- 129-8°. 

This terpene is very rarely met with in nature, but is formed by the dehydration of various alcohols, such as terpineol and linalol. It has been identified in the essential oil of Manila elemi. 

Elemene is a monocyclic sesquiterpene resulting from the reduction of elemol, the sesquiterpene alcohol present in Manila elemi oil. It has the following characters —... 

Semmler and Liao have examined the solid body isolated from Manila elemi oil by Schimmel Co. This was found to be a sesquiterpene alcohol, CjgHjgO, which has been named elemol. It was purified by converting it into its benzoic acid ester, from which the cohol was prepared in a pure state by hydrolysis. It has the following characters —... 

Elemioin is isomeric with asarone. It is 4-allyl-l. 2.6-trimethoxy-benzene, and is found in the essential oil of Manila elemi. Its characters are as follows —... 

Elemi-harZ) n. elemi, gum elemi. -ol) n. elemi oil. -saurC) /. elemic acid. 

Burseraceae Commiphora (myrrh) Boswellia (olibanum or frankincense) Canarium (elemi) a and (3 amyrin, euphanes, oleananes... 

Elemi oil, Elemi resinoid are obtained from exuded gum resin of Canarium luzonicum (Miqu.) A. Gray (Burseraceae), a tree growing in the Phillipines. The resin is extracted with a solvent to form the resinoid, which is a yellow to orange mass of high viscosity. The oil is produced by steam distillation of the gum resin and is a colorless to light yellow liquid. 

The major components of elemi oil are limonene (40-72%), a-phellandrene (10-24%), and the sesquiterpene alcohol elemol (1-25%) [488-491]. Both the resinoid and the oil have a fresh, citrus-like, peppery odor and are used predominantly in soap perfumes. (FCT 1976 (14) p. 755 [8023-89-0] (oil), [9000-74-2] (resin). 

Those wliich yield a volatile oil when distilled with water and one or more acid resins, as in the foregoing but in addition, a neutral one, generally capable of being crystallized, Animi, elemi, and earanna rosins, mastic, vegetal, or palm wax, and several others, are of this order,... 

The proximate principles of elemi are a transparent resin having acid properties, soluble in cold alcohol a second rosin taken up by boiling alcohol, bat deposited from the solution on eoolingin a crystalline state , a volatile colorless oil, which, according to Deville, resembles much the essence of turpentine, and of citron in composition, as in its reactions and a bitter extractive. The annexed per centages wore found by BoNAsrnE —... 

Elemi is occasionally used as a topical remedy in the form of an ointment, more particularly in ulcerous complaints of nn old and indolent nature. It is extensively employed for varnishes. 

The resins most used are copal, lac, dammar, sandarac, elemi. mastic, benzoin, amber, colophony and turpentine. 

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