Electrothermal atomizers pyrolysis

Pyrolysis can also be used in flow-based determinations with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, as demonstrated in the determination of nickel in environmental and biological reference materials using a sequential injection system with renewable beads [313]. After analyte sorption, the beads were directed towards the furnace of the spectrometer and stopped there pyrolysis was accomplished as usual in order to release the analyte and destroy the beads. This innovation has often been exploited in the lab-on-valve system, but spectrophotometric applications have not been proposed to date. 

The main difference between gasoline and diesel fuel, as far as ETAAS are concerned, is the sample volatility. Gasoline sample can be injected directly in the electrothermal atomizer and vaporized without formation of any residue, while diesel fuel undergoes partial pyrolysis during the thermal treatment before the atomization occurs. The pyrolysis can lead to the formation of a carbonaceous residue. The carbonaceous buildup affects the atomization of carbide forming elements such as Ni and V [3]. In this work, diesel fuel samples were diluted with a suitable solvent to reduce the formation of carbon residues. 

See also Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Flame Electrothermal. Atomic Emission Spectrometry Inductively Coupled Plasma. Color Measurement. Forensic Sciences Paints, Varnishes, and Lacquers. Gas Chromatography Pyrolysis. Infrared Spectroscopy Industrial Applications. Liquid Chromatography Size-Exclusion. Paints Water-Based. Spectrophotometry Organic Compounds. X-Ray Absorption and Diffraction X-Ray Diffraction - Powder. X-Ray Fluorescence and Emission Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence. 

FIG. 5. Pyrolysis-atomization curves for electrothermal A AS. A = integrated absorbance signal plotted against applied pyrolysis temperature (pyrolysis curve) B = integrated absorbance signal plotted against atomization temperature (atomization curve). 1 = maximum pyrolysis temperature 2 = lowest temperature of complete volatilization 3 = appearance temperature 4 — optimum atomization temperature. (From Ref. 23 by permission.)... 

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