Biological reference material

Berman SS (1984) Marine biological reference materials for trace metals. In WolfWR, ed. Biological Reference Materials, PP79-88. John Wiley Sc Sons. 

Bowen HJM (1984) Kale as a reference material. In Wolf WR, ed. Biological reference materials. Availability, uses and need for validation of nutrient measurement, PP3-17. John Wiley Sons. 

Ihnat, Wolf WR (1984) Maize and beef muscle agricultural and biological reference materials. 

Muntau H (1984) Ispra activities in the production of candidate biological reference materials. 

In Wolf WR, ed. Biological Reference Materials, pp. 109-140. John Wiley Sons New York. Okamoto K and Fuwa K (1985) Certified reference material program at the National Institute for Environmental Studies. Anal Sd 1 206-207. 

Veillon C, Patterson KY and Reamer DC (1984) Preparation of a bovine serum pool for tr ace element analysis. In Wole WR. ed. Biological Reference Materials, ppihy-iyy. John Wiley Sons. 

Versieck J, Vanballenberghe L, de Kesel A, Baeck N, Steyart H, Byrne AR and Sunderman FW Jr. (1988) Certification of a second-generation biological reference material (freeze dried human serum) for trace element determinations. Anal Chim Acta 204 63-75. 

Berman SS, Sturgeon RE (1988) A new approach to the preparation of biological reference materials for trace metals. Fresenius Z Anal Chem 332 546-548. 

Fajgelj a and Zeisler R (1998) Particle size determination of some IAEA and NIST environmental and biological reference materials. Fresenius J Anal Chem 360 442-445. 

Fraser CA, Gardner GJ, Maxwell PS, Kubwabo C, Guevremont R, Siu KWM, Berman SS (1995) Preparation and certification of a biological reference material (CARP-i) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofliran congeners. Fresenius J Anal Chem 352 143-147. Gardiner PE (1993) Consideration in the preparation of biological and environmental reference materials for use in the study of the chemical speciation of trace elements. Fresenius J Anal Chem 345 287-190. 

Ihnat M (1988c) Biological reference materials for quality control. In McKenzie HA, Smythe LE, eds. Quantitative Trace Analysis of Biological Materials, pp 331-351. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam. 

In Wolf, WR, ed. Biological Reference Materials Availability, Uses and Need for Validation of Nutrient Measurement, pp 141-165. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 

Versieck j, Hoste j, Vanballenberghe L, De Kesel A, Van Renterghem DJ (1987) Collection and preparation of a second generation biological reference material for trace element analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 113 299-304. 

Byrne AR, and Versieck J (1990) Vanadium determination at the ultratrace level in biological reference materials and serum by radiochemical neutron activation analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 27 529-540. 

Byrne AR, Deemelj M, Kosta L, and Tusek-Znidaric M (1984) Radiochemical neutron activation analysis in standardization of trace elements in biological reference materials at the nanogram level. Mikrochim Acta [Wien] 1 119-126. 

De Goeij JJM, Kosta L, Byrne AR, and Kucera J 1983) Problems in current procedures for establishing recommended values of trace-element levels in biological reference materials, illustrated by IAEA Milk Powder A-ii. Anal Chim Acta 146 161-169. 

Kucera j (1995) Elemental characterization of new Polish and US NIST geological, environmental and biological reference materials by neutron activation analysis and comments on the methodology of interlaboratory comparisons. Chem Anal (Warsaw) 40 405-421. 

Kucera J, and Soukal L (1993) Determination of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mo, Sb and Se in biological reference materials by radiochemical neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nud Chem 168 185-199. 

Kucera J, and Soukal L (1998) Low uncertainty determination of manganese and vanadium in environmental and biological reference materials by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Fresenius J Anal Chem 360 415-418. 

Within collaborative work on element concentrations in a number of biological reference materials using solid sampling and other analytical methods, calibration of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in BCR CRM 185 Bovine liver with solid CRMs was performed for each element with a reference material of the same matrix, NIST SRM 1577... 

DE Boer J (1997) The preparation of biological reference materials for use in interlaboratory studies on the analysis of chlorobiphenyls, organochlorine pesticides and trace metals. Mar Poll Bull 35 84-92. 

Schauenburg H, Weigert P (1991) Determination of element concentrations in biological reference materials by solid samphng and other analytical methods. Fresenius Anal Chem 342 950-956. 

Reference materials have been long used in clinical chemistry the first biological reference material was developed by Paul Ehrlich in 1897 (Btittner 1995). The routine use of RMs in clinical chemistry started in the early 1970 s and was driven by... 

Dybkaer R, Storring PL (1995) Application of lUPAC-lFCC recommendations on quantities and units to WHO biological reference materials for diagnostic use. Europ J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 33 623-625. 

Schintu, M., F. Jean-Caurant, and J.C. Amiard. 1992. Qrganomercury determination in biological reference materials application to a study on mercury speciation in marine mammals off the Faroe Islands. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 24 95-101. 

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