Electrospinning method

Chen, C., Cao, C.B., Ma, X.L., Tang, Y., and Zhu, H.S. "Preparation of non-woven mats from all-aqueous silk fibroin solution with electrospinning method". Polymer 47(18), 6322-6327 (2006a). 

Ding B et al (2002) Preparation and characterization of a nanoscale poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber aggregate produced by an electrospinning method. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 40(13) 1261-1268... 

Teo WE et al (2005) Porous tubular stmctures with controlled fibre orientation using a modified electrospinning method. Nanotechnology 16(6) 918—924... 

Ishii Y, Sakai H, Murata H (2008) A new electrospinning method to control the number and a diameter of uniaxially aligned polymer fibers. Mater Lett 62(19) 3370-3372... 

Jia Y-T, Gong J, Xiao-Hua Gu et al (2007) Fabrication and characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan blend nanofibers produced by electrospinning method. Carbohydr Polym 67 403 9... 

Ohgo, K., et al., 2003. Preparation of non-woven nanoiihres of Bombyx mori silk, Sarnia cynthia ricini silk and recomhinant hybrid silk with electrospinning method. Polymer 44 (3), 841-846. 

A simple method was recently introduced for preparing core-shell nanostructured conductive PPy composite [45]. The PPy core particles were first introduced in flexible shell solutions by in situ polymerization, and then different core-shell structures could be obtained by the electrospinning method (Figure 4.12). In that study, PPy was selected as the as-dispersed phase (cores) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the continuous phase (shell) the morphology of the resulted nanostructures can be controlled by changing the concentration of the solutions. This method is very useful in the design and preparation of nanosized core-shell structures using electroconductive polymers. 

This review covers the active research area of processing functional conductive nanofibers and nanostructures with various compositions and properties by means of the electrospinning method. It is also focuses on the unique properties of electrospun conductive nanostructures that can be utilized to improve existing applications of conductive materials and on the various possibilities to meet the requirements of a number of novel applications. 

Chitosan (CS) nanofibers with a diameter of 150-200 nm were fabricated from a mixed chitosan/ poly (vinyl alcohol) solution by the electrospinning method. Hen egg-white lysozyme was iimno-bilized on electrospun CS nanofibers via cross-hnked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) and used for effective and continuous antibacterial applications. CS has excellent biological properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, non-toxicity, hydrophilicity, high... 

In this study, bulky nano Her mats were produced by using a modiHd electrospinning method. Bulk porosify of nano Her mats was measured and the effect of bulk porosity on the air permeability and moisture transfer of nano Her mats was evaluated. 

The electrospinning method was applied to produce nanofibers of PEDOT-PSS/poly(vinyl acetate] (PVAc], which can be used for adhesives and coatings. An aqueous emulsion of PEDOT-PSS was added to the PVAc/iV,iV-dimethylformamide (DMF] solution. Composites that include different amounts of PEDOT-PSS were prepared. 

Comparison to other film preparation methods, the solution preparation for the electrospinning method through chemical pol5mierization seems to be more convenient and efficient method. 

The electrospinning method can be applied to produce nanoflbers of PEDOT-PSS/PVAc and PEDOT/PVAc, which might be used for adhesives and coatings. For this purpose a commercially available aqueous solution of PEDOT-PSS was added in different amounts to the PVAc/A,A-dimethylformamide PMI solution, in addition to the polymerization of3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDOT) by cerium(lV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) in a PVAc matrix in DMF solution as well. 

The acetone bath was used for the formation of pure polyaniline fibers by electrospinning method. " The fibres were collected in an acetone bath placed on the collector electrode. Because by placing the acetone bath make the excess of solvent to diffuse into the acetone allowing the pure polyaniline fiber formation. In another study, PANI/silica hybrid nanofiber webs were prepared by using... 

The effects of poly(vinyl alcohol) and CdS quantum dots on the photoluminescence of PPV nanofibers have been assessed [90]. The nanofiber composites were fabricated by coupling a self-assembly method and an electrospinning method. 

In addition, one-phase smfactant-assisted chemical method has been utilized to synthesize PANI nanofiber, which was doped with CSA and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid, in large quantities [291]. A chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline has been carried out using ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidizing agent in the presence of nonionic surfactant. A precipitate of doped emeraldine salt is composed of PANI nanofiber, which has the diameter of 30-50 nm and exhibits the conductivity of 1 -5 S cm at RT. Another piece of research has been done through chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline in a surfactant gel, which was formed by a mixture of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, acetic acid, anihne, and water at - 7 °C [292]. The dendritic PANI nanofiber has the diameter of 60-90 nm and the length of 1 -2 jim. Extended works have been performed by the electrospinning method [293]. It should be taken into account that PANI-CSA fiber shape could be influenced by the synthetic variables such as solvent, surface tension, viscosity, and solution conductivity. 

---