Electrochemistry aluminum anodizing

DespiC, A. Electrochemistry of Aluminum in Aqueous Solutions and Physics of Its Anodic Oxide 20... 

There is no question that the development and commercialization of lithium ion batteries in recent years is one of the most important successes of modem electrochemistry. Recent commercial systems for power sources show high energy density, improved rate capabilities and extended cycle life. The major components in most of the commercial Li-ion batteries are graphite electrodes, LiCo02 cathodes and electroljde solutions based on mixtures of alkyl carbonate solvents, and LiPFe as the salt. The electrodes for these batteries always have a composite structure that includes a metallic current collector (usually copper or aluminum foil/grid for the anode and cathode, respectively), the active mass comprises mierometric size particles and a polymeric binder. 

This article has described the Hall-Heroult cell that is the mainstay of the aluminum industry throughout the world. Emphasis has been on the electrochemistry and electrochemical engineering that govern cell performance. The cell operation, electrolyte chemistry, thermodynamics, and electrode kinetics have been reviewed. Some complexities, notably the anode effect and the environmentally important fluoride emissions and anode gas bubbles and their effect on cell voltage, flow, and CE, have been examined. The incorporation of these phenomena, along with current distribution, magnetic fields, electromagnetically driven flow, heat and mass transport, and cell instability into mathematical models was summarized. 

The electrochemical conversions of solid compounds and materials that are in direct contact with electrolyte solutions or liquid electrolytes (ionic liquids), belong to the most widespread reactions in electrochemistry. Such conversions take place in a wide variety of circumstances, including the majority of primary and secondary batteries, in corrosion, in electrochemical machining, in electrochemical mineral leaching, in electrochemical refining (e.g., copper refining), and in electrochemical surface treatments (e.g., the anodization of aluminum). 

A. Despic, V. P. Parkhutic, (Eds.), Electrochemistry of Aluminum in Aqueous Solutions and Physics of its Anodic Oxide, Modem Aspects of Electrochemistry, Plenum Press, New York, 1989, Vol. 20. 

KUhnel, R. S., J. Reiter, S. Jeong, S. Passerini, and A. Balducci. 2014. Anodic stability of aluminum current collectors in an ionic liquid based on the (fluorosulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion and its implication on high voltage supercapacitors. Electrochemistry Communications 38 117-119. 

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