Electro-Fenton method

Oturan M A, J Peiroten, P Chartin, AJ Acher (2000) Complete destruction of p-nitrophenol in aqueous medium by electro-Fenton method. Environ Sci Technol 34 3474-3479. 

Oturan MA, Pinson J, Oturan N, Deprez D. Hydroxylation of aromatic drugs by the electro-Fenton method. Formation and identification of the metabolites of riluzole. New J Chem 1999 23 793-794. 

Chou S, Huang YH, Lee SN, Huang GH, Huang C. Treatment of high strength hexamine-containing wastewater by Electro-Fenton method. Water Res 1999 33 751-759. 

Huang YH, Chou S, Perng MG, Huang GH, Cheng SS. Case study on the bioeffluent of petrochemical wastewater by Electro-Fenton method. Water Sci Technol 1999 39 145-149. 

Zhang, H., D. Zhang, and J. Zhou (2006). Removal of COD from landfiU leachate by electro-Fenton method. J. Hazard. Mater. 135,106-111. 

The electro-Fenton method (or EFR) was initially used for synthetic purposes considering the hydroxylation of aromatics in the cathodic compartment of a divided cell. Thus, the production of phenol from benzene (Tomat and Vecchi 1971 Tzedakis et al. 1989), (methyl)benzaldehydes and (methyl)benzyl alcohols from toluene or polymethylbenzenes (Tomat and Rigo 1976,1979,1984,1985) by adding Fe3+ to generate Fe2+ via reaction (19.13), as well as benzaldehyde and cresol isomers from toluene or acetophenone and ethylphenol isomers from ethylbenzene (Matsue et al. 1981) with direct addition of Fe2+, have been described. Further studies have reported the polyhydroxylation of salicylic acid (Oturan et al. 1992)... 

Song-hu, Y. and Xiao-hua, L. (2005) Comparison treatment of various chlorophenols by electro-Fenton method Relationship between chlorine content and degradation. J. Hazard. Mater. B118, 85-92. 

The photoelectro-Fenton method [98] complements the photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton reactions. In the latter, a potential is applied between two electrodes immersed in a solution containing Fenton reagent and the target compound. The recent study of the herbicide 2,4,5-T, performed in an undivided cell with a Pt anode and an 02-diffusion cathode, showed that the photo-electrochemical process was more powerful than the electro-Fenton process, which can yield only about 60-65% of decontamination. The electro-Fenton method provides complete destruction of all reaction intermediates, except oxalic acid, which, as already mentioned, forms stable complexes with Fe3+ that remain in the solution. The fast photodecarboxylation of such Fe(III)-oxalate complexes by UV fight explains the highest oxidative ability of the photoelectro-Fenton treatment, which allows a fast and total mineralization of highly concentrated acidic aqueous solutions of 2,4,5-T at low current and temperature. A similar behavior was found for the herbicide 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid [99]. 

Kin KT, Tang FIS, Chan SF, Raghavan S, Martinez S. Treatment of chemical-mechanical planarization wastes by electrocoagulation/electro-fenton method. IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing vol. 18, No. 2, May 2006. 

Kin, K.T., Tang, H.S., Chan, S.F., Raghavan, S., 2006. Treatment of chemical—mechanical planarization wastes by electrocoagulation/electro-Fenton method. IEEE Trans. Semicond. Manuf. 19 (2006), 208-215. 

Electro-Fenton Methods Using Electrodes Modified with MN4 Compounds... 

The photoelectro-Fenton method involves the simultaneous irradiation of the wastewater with UVA light while it is degraded by electro-Fenton in an undivided cell. UVA irradiation favors the regeneration of Fe2+ from additional photoreduction of Fe (OH)2+, which is the predominant Fe3+ species in acid medium (Sun... 

Table 19.2 shows that the ACE values thus determined at 3 h of electrolysis are 3.1-6.0% for anodic oxidation with Pt and electrogenerated H202, 14-20% for electro-Fenton with Pt, and 25-29% for photoelectro-Fenton with Pt, related to a mineralization of 12-19%, 53-66%, and 90-96%, respectively. In all methods, the efficiency dropped with prolonging electrolysis time due to the gradual presence in solution of fewer amounts of pollutants that are more hardly oxidizable with OH. 

The great oxidation power of electro-Fenton with BDD has also been confirmed in the comparative treatment of acidic aqueous solutions containing up to 0.9 g dm-3 of the dye Indigo Carmine by electro-Fenton and photoelectro-Fenton using BDD/02 and Pt/02 cells (Flox et al. 2006). The application of both methods... 

It has been shown that indirect electro-oxidation methods based on H2O2 electrogeneration such as electro-Fenton, photoelectro-Fenton, and peroxi-coagulation are promising techniques for an effective and efficient decontamination of acidic wastewaters containing persistent organic pollutants. They are environmentally... 

Sheng H Lin, Chih C Chang (2000) Treatment of landfill leachate by combined electro-Fenton oxidation and sequencing batch reactor method. Water Res 34(17) 4243-4249... 

We have presented here a general view of the different AOPs and discussed the possibility of their improvement using solid catalysts, selecting some representative examples regarding the industrial applicability of these advanced oxidation processes and highlighting unanswered questions to be addressed in their further development. However, not all the possible technologies and their combinations have been discussed, due to space constraints. In particular, the use of electrochemical methods (from anodic oxidation to electro-Fenton, electrocatal3rtic, and photoelec-trocatalytic processes) has been not discussed. Some consideration of these can be found in reviews. 

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