Electrical anomaly

Goodenough JB (1971) Metallic oxides. In Progress in Solid State Chemistry. Reiss H (ed), p 149-399 Gosselin JR, Townsend MG, Tremblay RJ (1976) Electric anomalies at the phase trarrsition in FeS. Sol State Comm 19 799-803... 

Leak monitoring systems that enable measurement of electrical anomalies due to a hole. The idea here is that geomembranes are impermeable not only for liquids but also for electric current. It could be said that virtual electrical holes or electrical leak paths are measured which only form potential leak paths for water flow. 

Rowell and co-workers [62-64] have developed an electrophoretic fingerprint to uniquely characterize the properties of charged colloidal particles. They present contour diagrams of the electrophoretic mobility as a function of the suspension pH and specific conductance, pX. These fingerprints illustrate anomalies and specific characteristics of the charged colloidal surface. A more sophisticated electroacoustic measurement provides the particle size distribution and potential in a polydisperse suspension. Not limited to dilute suspensions, in this experiment, one characterizes the sonic waves generated by the motion of particles in an alternating electric field. O Brien and co-workers have an excellent review of this technique [65]. 

One anomaly inmrediately obvious from table A2.4.2 is the much higher mobilities of the proton and hydroxide ions than expected from even the most approximate estimates of their ionic radii. The origin of this behaviour lies in the way hr which these ions can be acconmrodated into the water structure described above. Free protons cannot exist as such in aqueous solution the very small radius of the proton would lead to an enomrous electric field that would polarize any molecule, and in an aqueous solution the proton inmrediately... 

Erequendy, a single ultrasonic transducer serves both as the sender of the ultrasonic pulse and as a receiver for the sound waves reflected from surfaces and interior discontinuities. The receiver transforms the stress pulse back into electrical oscillations. AH of the signals are displayed on an oscilloscope screen for interpretation. Eor a material of length E having a wave speed C, the anomaly shown in Eigure 4 would reflect a signal back to the... 

Certainly the most prominent feature of the breakdown process is its dependence on the polarity of the electric field relative to the shock-velocity vector. This effect is manifest in current pulse anomalies from minus-x orientation samples or positively oriented samples subjected to short-pulse loading (see Fig. 4.8). The individual effects of stress and electric field may be delineated with short-pulse loadings in which fields can be varied by utilizing stress pulses of various durations [72G03]. 

Ferroelectric materials are capable of being polarized in the presence of an electric field. They may exhibit considerable anomalies in one or more of their physical properties, including piezoelectric and pyroelectric coefficients, dielectric constant, and optoelectronic constant. In the latter case, the transmission of light through the material is affected by the electric field, which produces changes in refractive index and optical absorption coefficient. Varying the applied field changes the phase modulation. 

This chapter is devoted to the behavior of double layers and inclusion-free membranes. Section II treats two simple models, the elastic dimer and the elastic capacitor. They help to demonstrate the origin of electroelastic instabilities. Section III considers electrochemical interfaces. We discuss theoretical predictions of negative capacitance and how they may be related to reality. For this purpose we introduce three sorts of electrical control and show that this anomaly is most likely to arise in models which assume that the charge density on the electrode is uniform and can be controlled. This real applications only the total charge or the applied voltage can be fixed. We then show that predictions of C < 0 under a-control may indicate that in reality the symmetry breaks. Such interfaces undergo a transition to a nonuniform state the initial uniformity assumption is erroneous. Most... 

A possible reason that the problem of C < 0 did not receive much attention was the assertion [15] (BLH) that such an anomaly was forbidden. The proof was based on the statistical mechanical analysis of the primitive model of electrolytes between two oppositely charged planes, cr and —a. It was noticed in Ref. 10 that the BLH analysis missed a very simple contribution to the Hamiltonian, direct interaction between the charged walls, ItzLct (L is the distance between the walls). With proper choice of the Hamiltonian the condition on the capacitance would be C > 27re/L. It simply means that due to ionic shielding of the electric field, the capacitance exceeded its geometrical value corresponding to the electrolyte-free dielectric gap. 

As such, nuclear contributions to the heat capacity due to the interaction between germanium crystalline electric field gradients and the quadrupole moments of boron nuclei could account for the observed onset of the Schottky anomaly. 

Fe(qsal)2][Ni(dmit)2]3.CH3CN.H20 exhibits a room temperature conductivity of 2.0 S cm-1 and behaves as a semiconductor between 300 and 70 K (Fig. 12). It also exhibits a broad spin transition between 300 and 60 K (Fig. 13). Anomalies are observed in the range 120-90 K, both in the magnetic and electric measurements, clearly indicating a synergy between the SCO phenomenon and the electrical conduction. 

Most notably, subtle positive spontaneous potential (SP) anomalies can be noted in association with strong, negative-inward, redox gradients (Hamilton Hattori 2008). The goal of our work is to understand the role of micro-organisms in the oxidation process and in the generation of electrical fields. 

Chemical electrical optimisation Predictive analysis of electrode and membrane degradation or anomalies Estimate of electrode state Estimate of membrane state... 

Electrolytic chemistry and solution theory continued to be a principal source of speculation about chemical bonding. As John Servos has noted, it was Noyes s attempt to visualize the difference between strong and weak electrolytes, to explain anomalies in the dilution law, that led him to make a distinction between "electrical molecules" and "chemical molecules" in the early 1900s. 

The electrokinetic process will be limited by the solnbUity of the contaminant and the desorption from the clay matrix that is contaminated. Heterogeneities or anomalies in the soil wiU rednce removal efficiencies. Extreme pHs at the electrodes and the may inhibit the system s effectiveness. Electrokinetic remediation is most efficient when the pore water has low salinity. The process requires sufficient pore water to transmit the electrical charge. Contaminant and noncontaminant concentrations effect the efficiency of the process. 

In 1974, the electrical conductivity of LajCuC was re-determined (130) on a powdered sample prepared at 900-950°C. A 4-probe d.c. cell was used and the electrical data obtained between 100 and 900°C indicated this material to be a metallic conductor. A slight anomaly in the conductivity was noted at 310°C. 

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