Einstein’s relativity theory

In 1928, the English scientist and idealist Sir James Jean revived the old heat death argument, augmented with elements from Einstein s relativity theory since matter and energy are equivalents, he claimed, the universe must finally end up in the complete conversion of matter into energy ... 

When nature s ways are understood, applications foUow that can be used for good or bad, for peace or war. Consider the fusion of hydrogen. Einstein s relativity theory, basic physics at its best, showed how nuclear fusion could produce vast amounts of energy. Applications were soon understood. On the one hand, for example, it was understood that the fusion of hydrogen occurs in the Sun and its energy nurtures life on planet Earth. On the other... 

In this form the equations (1) still hold if the mass is dependent on the magnitude of the velocity, as is required by Einstein s relativity theory. ... 

Einstein s relativity theory also predicts that mass and energy are interchange-ahle. His famous equation, E mc, is a relation between E, the rest energy of a particle, and m, the mass of the particle when at rest (called the rest mass). When the particle is in motion, both E and m increase, but they remain connected by this fundamental equation and the universal constant... 

Relativistic effects result if electrons nearby very heavy atomic nuclei are accelerated to such an extent that Einstein s famous theory of relativity begins to take effect,... 

However, one of the consequences of Einstein s special theory of relativity (in 1905) is that a photon has an energy that can be expressed as... 

Chubykalo and Smirnov-Rueda [2,56] have presented a renovated version of Hertz theory, that is in accordance with Einstein s relativity principle. For a single point-shaped charged particle moving at the velocity v, the displacement current in Maxwell s equation is modified into a convection displacement current ... 

Point 3, the assumption that Schriklinger s equation is exact, is very significant at a fundamental level. Einstein s Special Theory of Relativity proposed a modification of classical mechanics in a different direction from that of quantum mechanics. The corrections involved in Einstein s theory, which are not incorporated in Schrbdinger s equation, only become significant... 

According to the hereby used theory of superluminal relativity [5], nuclear forces are explained by Newton s gravitational law and Einstein s general theory of relativity [10], with the gravitational constant defined and determined by the quantum mass theory [4], for masses and distances characteristic for nuclear structures. 

In Einstein s special theory of relativity [1,2], the Galilean transformation had to be replaced by the Lorentz transformation, so that the speed of light would be invariant or independent of the relative motion of the observers—in particular, because the assumption f t is no longer correct. In the Lorentz transformation the time is t / t. 

Brief mention of radioactivity is in order because it, along with quantum mechanics and relativity, transformed classical into modem physics. Radioactivity was discovered by Becquerel in 1896. However, an understanding of how materials like uranium and radium could emit, over the years, a million times more energy than would be permitted by chemical reactions, had to await Einstein s special theory of relativity (Section 4.2.3), which showed that a tiny, unnoticeable decrease in mass represented the release of a large amount of energy. 

It also remains to be seen whether the present picture would allow for gravitational waves as predicted by the Einstein s general theory of relativity. On one hand, the present quantum model would not be against "action at a distance" on the other hand, a different, perhaps a soliton-like mechanism, would be needed to produce the latter. 

Since photons are absorbed to change the spin projection of an electron from —1/2 to+1/2, the spin of the photon must be 1. The graviton has been postulated to carry a spin of 2, because of the symmetry of the equations in Einstein s general theory of relativity (gravity comes from the rank-2 stress-energy tensor). 

According to Einstein s special theory of relativity, the effective mass of an electron increases whenever its speed becomes a significant fraction of the speed of light, c 3 X 10 m/sec. Specifically,... 

What has happened to the lost mass It has been converted to energy— specifically, kinetic energy carried off by the electron and proton. According to Einstein s special theory of relativity, a change in mass always accompanies a change in energy ... 

The idea of a fourth dimension... was introduced to the modern world by Hermann Minkowski, who pointed out in 1908 that Einstein s Special Theory of Relativity is equivalent to an assertion that the world we live in is not three-dimensional but four-dimensional, the fourth dimension being time. Since "space" implies three-dimensionality, Minkowski referred not to "four-dimensional space" but to the "four-... 

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