Eikenella corrodens

Pneumonia owing to aspiration of oral contents is caused by a variety of anaerobes (Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Prevotella spp., and anaerobic gram-positive cocci), as well as Streptococcus spp. M. catarrhalis and Eikenella corrodens may be involved, but much less frequently.14,15 When gastric contents are aspirated, then enteric gram-negative bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus are more commonly the pathogens.15... 

Dog and cat Pasteurella multocida, staphylococci, streptococci Moraxella spp., Eikenella corrodens, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas spp. 

Human Viridans streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Eikenella corrodens, Elemophilus influenzae, and P-lactamase-producing anaerobic bacteria. 

Eikenella corrodens, S. aureus, streptococci, Gorynebaderium spp, Bacteroides spp, Peptosheptococcus spp,... 

Infections caused by these injuries are most often caused by the normal oral flora, which includes both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. The most frequent aerobic organisms are Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Eikenella corrodens. The most common anaerobic organisms are Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Peptostreptococcus spp. 

Eikenella corrodens Escherichia coli Klebsiella species (19)... 

Finally, the salivary glands concentrate sodium nitrate from fruit and vegetables. The sodium nitrate is absorbed into the blood plasma and concentrated 10-20 fold by salivary gland cells before secretion. The nitrate in saliva is reduced to sodium nitrite by Eikenella corrodens, a common commensal bacterium in human saliva (Sect. 12.1.5). Sodium nitrite is an important vasodilator, but it cannot cross healthy tissues. 

Fig. 13 2 Common bacteria of plaque. Slides show typical gram stain for (a) viridans streptococci (b) fch nomyces naeslundii, previously, viscostts (c) Eikenella corrodens, and (d) Fusobacterium nucleatum (From Public Health Image Library (PHIL) at the CDC - Bacteria Site http //phil.cdc. go v/phil/home. asp)...

Another bacterium that contributes to commensal biofilms is Eikenella corrodens, a gram negative, small rod (Fig. 13.2c). E. corrodens grows in a healthy oral cavity by reducing nitrate in saliva to nitrite (Sects. 1.3.2 and 12.1.3). It is an important contributor to bite wound infections and is also the major known producer of lysine decarboxylase, which converts lysine to cadaverine and carbon dioxide (Fig. 13.4). Lysine is a nutritionally essential amino acid, whereas cadaverine is not. In humans, E. corrodens and lysine... 

Goldstein E, Gombert M, Agyare E. Susceptibility of Eikenella corrodens to newer beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1980 18 832-833. 

Goldstein E, Barene M, Miller TA. Eikenella corrodens in hand infections. J Hand Smg 1983 8 563-566. 

Note Cases are defined clinically as definite if they fulfill two major criteria, one major criterion plus three minor criteria, or five minor criteria they are defined as possible if they fulfill one major and one minor criterion or three minor criteria. HACEK denotes Haemophilus species (H. parainfiuenzae, H. aphrophilus, H. paraphrophilus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae). 

TABLE 1 09—9. Therapy for Endocarditis Due to HACEK Microorganisms (Haemophilus parainfluenzas, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemocomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingaey... 

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