Effect of Solid Phases

Effect of Solid Phases. The crystallization behaviour of mixtures under high pressure may be very complicated, e.g. owing to the formation of solid compounds or mixed crystals. Here only the solidification of demixing binary 

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Poeto, T.S., Stensel, H.D., Strand, S.E. (1999) Biodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by marine bacteria effect of solid phase on degradation kinetics. Water. Res. 33, 868-880. 

Melting and the effect of solid phase dilution on conversion... 

Effects of solid-phase immobilization on the activity or inhibition of the enzyme... 

Figure 11. Effect of solid phase mass-transfer limitations in heterogeneous solubilization.

Further confirmation of the important effect of solid-phase transitions in polymer photochemistry was reported by Dan and Guillet (29). They studied the quantum yields of chain scission, c >s, as a function of temperature in thin solid films of vinyl ketone homo- and copolymers. For polymers where the Norrish type-II mechanism was possibici large increases in n were observed at and above the glass transition T. Figure 8 shows this effect in a styrene copolymer containing about 5% phenyl vinyl ketone (PVK). Below Tg, )s is about 0.07, but at Tg it rises to about 0.3, a value similar to that observed for photolysis in solution at 2S°C. A similar effect was observed with poly (methyl methacrylate-co-methylvinyl ketone) (PMMA-MVK) and PVK homopolymer. 

Dudka, S., Chlopecka, A., 1990. Effect of solid-phase speciation on metal availability and phy-toavailabUity in sludge-amended soil. Water Air Soil Pollnt. 51, 153-160. 

In this chapter, we studied the effect of solid-phase modifiers on the thermal and cavitation effects occurring in pol5mier hydrogels on ultrasound exposure. Evaluation of thermal effects was carried out thermometric. Activity of cavitation processes was assessed by measuring the level of scattered noise, and on information about destruction of pol5mier matrix of the hydrogel. The effect of solid-phase sonosensitization was tested in experiments in vitro on bacterial cells and in vivo on mice. 

Table 4 Effect of Solid-Phase Microextraction Sampling Time on the Changes of Measured Gas Phase Concentrations Using a lO-gm Polydimethyl Siloxane Fiber...

In a similar study by Kim et al. [34] heterogeneous surface acetylation of BC resulted in DS values between 0.04 and 2.77, as determined by titration and FT-IR. The D S could be controlled by changing the amount of acetic anhydride added. X-ray diffraction showed that the acetylation proceeded from the surface of the microfibrUs, leaving the core portion unreacted. SEM analysis revealed that even low levels of acetylation effectively prevented aggregation of the microfibrils on direct drying from water, as a result of an increase in surface hydrophobicity. Yamamoto et al. [39] have reported CP/MAS NMR spectroscopic studies of the effects of solid-phase acetylation on BC structure. The DS ranged from 1.19 to 2.73. Like Kim et al, they found evidence that acetylation proceeded from the surface to the core of each microfibril. 

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