Ecology sampling methods

Silver JB (2008) Mosquito ecology field sampling methods, 3rd edn. Springer, New York,... 

Agelopoulos, N.G. and Pickett, J. A. (1998). Headspace analysis in chemical ecology effects of different sampling methods on ratios of volatile compounds present in headspace samples. Journal of Chemical Ecology 24 1161-1172. 

J. B. Silver, and M. W. Service. Mosquito Ecology Field Sampling Methods, Dordrecht, the Netherlands Springer, 2008. 

The investigation leads to the elaboration of solid-phase spectrophotometric and test methods of different cationic surfactants determination in water. The detection limits of cationic surfactants with hydrocarbon radical length is 0.7 mg/dm, is 0.2 mg/dm, C is 0.009 mg/dm and is 0.003 mg/dm by using a 100 cm sample. Metrological performance of method was examined on the natural samples. Proposed method is highly sensitive, simple, rapid and guarantees ecological purity of analysis. 

At the Department for Chemical Ecology we have developed adsorption techniques for sampling and analyzing of volatile components in air. These gas chromatographic (GO methods have been used in allelochemical research, i.a. for analyses of volatiles emitted from plant leaves (1,2). We believed that such an adsorption method could be adapted for sampling volatiles in the soil by allowing for the high humidity in the soil and its effect on the adsorbent. 

Various criteria can be considered in the classification of the SEC applications. The most important are the analytical SEC procednres. The preparative applications, which encompass the purification of complex samples before their further treatment, draw rather wide attention. In this latter case, analytes are preseparated by SEC according to the size of their components and either macromolecular or low molecular fractions are subject to further analyses by other methods. The production oriented SEC did not find wide application in the area of synthetic polymers due to both the high price of organic solvents and the ecological considerations. 

Phenols are important industrial chemicals, for example, in the production of various plastics and resins, and may leach into surface and ground waters either during production or from the discharged products at landfill sites. Because of their ecological importance and their widespread use, methods for phenols and related compounds (e.g., anilines) were developed already at an early stage. Many of these methods rely on GC (or GC/MS), which normally requires derivatization prior to GC analysis. Standard methods for the derivatization of phenols are silylation, methylation, or acetylation.5 The last mentioned has the advantage that it can be carried out in the aqueous sample directly. The deriva-tized phenols can thus be extracted more easily and with a higher yield from the aqueous sample by... 

Newell, S. Y. Fallon, R. D. (1991). Toward a method for measuring instantaneous fungal growth rates in field samples. Ecology, 72, 1547-59. 

Newell, S. Y. (1993b). Membrane containing fungal mass and fungal specific growth rate in natural samples. In Handbook of Methods in Aquatic Microbial Ecology, ed. 

Capone, D. G. (1993). Determination of nitrogenase activity in aquatic samples using the acetylene reduction procedure. In Handbook of Methods in Aquatic Microbial Ecology (Kemp, P. F., Sherr, B. F., Sherr, E. B., and Cole, J. J., (eds.). Lewis Press, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 621—631. 

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