Dyes, organic paper dyeing

Statistics for the production of basic dyes include those products hsted as cationic dyes, eg, cyanines, for dyeing polyacrylonitrile fibers and the classical triaryhnethane dyes, eg, malachite green, for coloring paper and other office apphcations (2,53). Moreover, statistics for triaryhnethane dyes are also hidden in the production figures for acid, solvent, mordant, and food dyes, and also organic pigments. Between 1975 and 1984, the aimual production of basic dyes in the United States varied from 5000—7700 t. However, from 1985—1990, aimual production of basic dyes varied from 5000—5700 t, and the annual sales value increased from 56 to 73 million per year. 

Present usage of triaryknethane dyes, ca 1996, is confined mainly to nontextile appkcations. Substantial quantities ate used in the preparation of organic pigments for printing inks, pastes, and for the paper printing trade, where cost and brilliance of shade are more important than lightfastness. 

Sodium Tetrahydroborate, Na[BH ]. This air-stable white powder, commonly referred to as sodium borohydride, is the most widely commercialized boron hydride material. It is used in a variety of industrial processes including bleaching of paper pulp and clays, preparation and purification of organic chemicals and pharmaceuticals, textile dye reduction, recovery of valuable metals, wastewater treatment, and production of dithionite compounds. Sodium borohydride is produced in the United States by Morton International, Inc., the Alfa Division of Johnson Matthey, Inc., and Covan Limited, with Morton International supplying about 75% of market. More than six million pounds of this material suppHed as powder, pellets, and aqueous solution, were produced in 1990. 

The initial objective of this series of books has been to establish a coherent body of explanatory information on the principles and application technology of relevance for students preparing to take the Associateship examinations of the Society. This particular book has been directed specifically to the subject areas covered by Section A of Paper B the organic chemistry and application of dyes and pigments and of the auxiliaries used with them in textile coloration processes. However, many qualified chemists and colourists interested in the properties of colorants and their auxiliaries have found the First Edition useful as a work of reference. For several reasons it has been convenient to divide the material into two separate volumes 1. Colorants, 2. Auxiliaries. Although fluorescent brighteners share some features in common with colorants, they have been treated as auxiliary products in this book. 

Divalent metal cations such as Ca2+ are used in some inkjet media, such as coated paper and glossy photorealistic media, to fix the water-soluble dye and make it waterfast by forming an insoluble salt. However, cationic organic compounds are currently the preferred choice for this function. 

Uses Solvent for waxes, casein, dyes, and resins manufacture of rubber additives, various pharmaceuticals, paper chemicals, plasticizers, corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, pesticides solvent optical brightener for detergents hair conditioners additive to boiler water preservation of book paper ingredient in various automotive products including brake cleaners and waxes organic synthesis. 

---