Dual solids

Avdeef, A., Voloboy, D., Foreman, A. Dissolution-solubility of multiprotic drugs pH, buffer, salt, dual-solid, and aggregation effects. In ADME/Tox Approaches, Van de Waterbeemd, H ... 

Screw/roll configuration Single or twin Single or twin Single or twin Single Dual roothed gears/dual cylinders (one blank and one drilled) Dual solid... 

Scheme 23 Synthesis of optically enriched P-lactams through dual solid-phase reagents...

Song, J., Xu, K., Ma, H., and Huang, J. (2005a). Method for producing single cell protein from apple pomace by dual solid state fermentation. Patent no. CN 1673343-A. 

When solids are added to the flask, the gas outlet is replaced by a powder funnel and nitrogen flow is increased slightly. If a separatory funnel is used (cf. Note 10), a dual outlet is needed. 

PF burners and fluid beds best meet requirements for dual- and triple-fuel firing including solid fuel as one option. PF burners are particularly suitable, as no static grate exists to compromise the design. They also have a combustion geometry which is similar to gas and oil, and therefore the flame can be arranged to allow full development of flame shape and maximum radiant heat transfer surface utilization. 

The screw mixer uses a single- or dual-screw arrangement to mix liquids, solids, or a combination of both. It comes... 

Fig. 12.8 Schematic showing tiie equivalence between n-dimensional cells (outlined by dark lines) and the dual lattice formed by contracting them to nodes (solid circles) which retaining their connectivity (outlined by light lines).

Fig. 12.10 An example of a two dimensional random lattice (dark lines and solid circles) and its dual lattice (lighter lines and open circles).

In this context it is the separation of solids from water by forcing the water through a porous filter media. The objective is typically to reduce the level of TDS in the water and often to reduce both the size of the particle remaining and the turbidity of the water. Filtration efficiency and quality is a function of many variable factors, although filtration is usually carried out at relatively low velocities, where velocity and pressure drop are directly related to each other. Typically a sand filter will remove a high percentage of particles above a diameter of 20 to 30 pm, whereas dual or multimedia filtration is required to remove particles down to a diameter of 10 to 20... 

This equation gives (0) = 0, a maximum at =. /Km/K2, and (oo) = 0. The assumed mechanism involves a first-order surface reaction with inhibition of the reaction if a second substrate molecule is adsorbed. A similar functional form for (s) can be obtained by assuming a second-order, dual-site model. As in the case of gas-solid heterogeneous catalysis, it is not possible to verify reaction mechanisms simply by steady-state rate measurements. 

TOF-SIMS was pioneered by Professor Benninghoven and his group in the early 1980s [109], originally developed in static mode and applied for the chemical analysis (elemental as well as molecular) of the uppermost monolayer of solid surfaces [110]. By the introduction and further development of the dual beam technique, the TOF-SIMS can... 

The identification of synthetic colorants (pure or mixtures) in foods is usually carried out using spectrophotometry but the resolution of complex mixtures in food requires a previous separation of extract components by SPE and chromatographic techifiques. Dual wavelength, solid phase, and derivative spectrophotometric methods combined with chemometric approaches have been used. ... 

Figure 5.6 Flow pattern map for a gas/liquid flow regime in micro channels. Annular flow wavy annular flow (WA) wavy annular-dry flow (WAD) slug flow bubbly flow annular-dry flow (AD). Transition lines for nitrogen/acetonitrile flows in a triangular channel (224 pm) (solid line). Transition lines for air/water flows in triangular channels (1.097 mm) (dashed lines). Region 2 presents flow conditions in the dual-channel reactor ( ), with the acetonitrile/nitrogen system between the limits of channeling (I) and partially dried walls (III). Flow conditions in rectangular channels for a 32-channel reactor (150 pm) (T) and singlechannel reactor (500 pm) (A) [13].

STABREX is easier and simpler to use compared to any other oxidant available for industrial water treatment. The product is pumped directly from returnable transporters (PortaFeed Systems)17 with standard chemical feed equipment. Previously, the only practical ways to apply bromine were to oxidize bromide solutions on-site with chlorine in dual liquid feed systems, or with one of the solid organically-stabilized bromine products applied from sidestream erosion feeders. The former is cumbersome and complex, and the latter is prone to dusting and difficult to control. Other oxidants require complex handling and feed of toxic volatile gases, unstable liquids, multiple-component products, or reactive solids. Simplicity in use results in reduced risk to workers and to the environment. 

All available methods (TG-MS, PyGC-MS and LDI-MS) suffer from difficult quantitation, although for different reasons. In TG-MS, selective volatilisation may not reflect the composition in the solid the quantitation problem of PyGC-MS requires assessment of the importance of matrix effects. Laser ablation methods cannot easily be calibrated. Quantitation is simplified in case of dual detection (MS for identification, FID for quantitation). A general drawback of many direct methods, which allow only small sampling volumes, is granule-to-granule variations. 

Taking Simultaneous Micellizadon and Adsorption Phenomena into Consideration In the presence of an adsorbent in contact with the surfactant solution, monomers of each species will be adsorbed at the solid/ liquid interface until the dual monomer/micelle, monomer/adsorbed-phase equilibrium is reached. A simplified model for calculating these equilibria has been built for the pseudo-binary systems investigated, based on the RST theory and the following assumptions ... 

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