Dry-matter

Ninety percent dry matter basis. Requirements based on the following diets 1—5 kg pig diet includes 25—75% milk products 5—10 kg pigs, a ... 

Phosphoric Acid. Cats generally consume about two-thirds as much water per unit of food dry matter intake as do dogs (21). This water... 

Presumes a metabolizable energy density of 14.64 kj/g of dry matter. Ratings greater than 16.74 kj/g should be corrected for energy density. 

Presumes a metabolizable energy density of 16.74 kJ/g of dry matter based on the modified Atwater values of 14.64, 35.56, and 14.64 kJ/g for protein, fat, and carbohydrate (nitrogen-free extract, NEE), respectively. Rations greater than 18.83 kJ/g should be corrected for energy density rations less than 16.74 kJ/g should not be corrected for energy. To convert kj to kcal, divide by 4.184. 

Vitamin K needs to be added to cat food only when diet contains greater than 25% fish on a dry matter basis. 

Type Total sold, t Dry matter, % Total dry matter basis, t Sales, X 10 ... 

Cost per kilogram of dog food ranges from ca 0.30 to 30/kg of dry matter demands exist for pet foods in each range. Some of the highest quality pet foods are manufactured by companies conducting an enormous amount of appHed research and producing only foods that are sold relatively inexpensively through private label channels and not with their own labels. 

Kenaf and Roselle. These closely related bast fibers are derived from Hibiscus cannibinus and H sabdariffa (mallow family, Malvaceae), respectively. The fibers have other local names. Kenaf is grown for production in the People s Repubflc of China, Egypt, and regions of the former USSR roseUe is produced in India and Thailand. Plantation-grown kenaf is capable of growing from seedlings to 5 m at maturity in five months. It is reported to yield about 6—10 tons of dry matter per acre, nine times the yield of wood (13). 

Table 23. Annual Production of Dry Matter and Solar Energy Capt ure Efficiency (SECD) ...

Selenium plays a dual role in a living organism, depending on the compound and the amount adsorbed. Controlled small doses of some compounds are used in medicine and as diet supplements, for example, ca 0.1 ppm of diet dry matter for Hvestock (see Feed additives Mineral nutrients). Larger amounts can be toxic. 

Animal Nutrition. Sulfur in the diets of mminant animals is beneficial to the animals growth (see Eeedsand FEED ADDITIVES). Sulfur increases feed intake, cellulose and dry matter digestion, and the synthesis of microbial protein. This results in increased meat, milk, and wool production (43). The special uses for sulfur in agriculture demonstrate a significant and continuing need for increased use of sulfur (44). 

Both calcium and chloride ions are essential to plant biota, although only small amounts of chloride ion are needed. The average concentration of calcium in plant shoot dry matter sufficient for adequate growth is 0.5%. The corresponding number for chloride is 100 mg/kg (42). 

Ultrafiltration (qv) (uf) is increasingly used to remove water, salts, and other low molecular-weight impurities (21) water may be added to wash out impurities, ie, diafiltration. Ultrafiltration is rarely used to fractionate the proteins because the capacity and yield are too low when significant protein separation is achieved. Various vacuum evaporators are used to remove water to 20—40% dry matter. Spray drying is used if a powdery intermediate product is desired. Tyophilization (freeze-drying) is only used for heat-sensitive and highly priced enzymes. 

Reactor design for glucose isomerization ia the United States has been documented (75). The diameter of the reactor is normally between 0.6 and 1.5 m. Typical bed height is 2—5 m. The ratio between the bed height and diameter of a reactor should be at least 3 1 to ensure good flow distribution. Plants that produce more than 1000 t of HECS per day, based on dry matter, use at least 20 separate reactors. 

Regarding the total amount of assimilated biomass, carbohydrates/polysaccha-rides represent the dominant class with an estimated amount of 1-4 X 10" tons of dry matter produced by photosynthesis annually ... 

Condon, A.G., Richards, R.A. Farquhar, G.D. (1987). Carbon isotope discrimination is positively correlated with grain yield and dry matter production in field-grown wheat. Crop Science, 27, 996-1001. 

Table 1. Net primary dry-matter production in different ecosystems, t ha year ...

---