Drugs Antitumor Agents

Lipid dispersion formulations, such as oil in water emulsions and microemulsions, are attractive carriers for lipophilic and anticancer drugs. Antitumor agents show their therapeutic activities only in the restricted sites where intact agents reach after administration. In particular, several studies have reported the ability of emulsions to enhance the accumulation of anticancer agents into solid tumors compared to the free drug. Emulsions are considered superior due to their suitability for industrial scale production, stability on storage, biocompatibility, and the incorporation efficacy for lipophilic drugs. However, in practical terms, there... 

Drugs (e.g., polynucleotides [e.g., polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid], antitumor agents [e.g., bleomycin], plant alkaloids [e.g., colchicine], synthetic immunoadjuvants [e.g., muramyl peptides]... 

The platinum complex (NH3)2PtCl2 is a well-known antitumor agent. Because the drug is soluble in water, it is readily excreted through the kidneys and can cause severe kidney damage. Various procedures are employed clinically to minimize these side effects, but the... 

Numerous reports of prodrugs in the literature show improved drug effects. Prodrugs that have shown some measure of success for site-specific delivery include L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) to the brain [56], dipivaloyl derivative of epinephrine to the eye [57], /-glutamyl-L-dopa to the kidney [58], fi-n-glucoside dexamethasone and prednisolone derivatives to the colon [59], thiamine-tetrahydrofuryldisulfide to red blood cells, and various amino acid derivatives of antitumor agents such as daunorubicin [61,62], acivicin [63], doxorubicin [63], and phenylenediamine [63] to tumor cells. 

Keywords Pyrrole Natural products Antitumor agents Multi-drug resistance... 

Figure 1.6, has a square-planar geometry all important for its utilization as an antitumor agent. See Section 7.2.3 for further discussion of this drug molecule. 

Besides the possible use of such stabilized liposomes as drug carriers (10) another application could be their use as models for the ceTT-cell interaction and as polymeric antitumor agents on a cellular level (11) i.e. trying to mimic the body defense against tumor cells (17J. We hope that this article which in many terms is more a pre- than a review will help to stimulate the discussions on polymeric antitumor agents not only on the al-... 

Hurley LH, Zewail-Foote, M (2001) The antitumor agent ecteinascidin 743 characterization of its covalent DNA adducts and chemical stability. Adv Exp Med Biol 500 289-299 Inche AG, La Thangue NB (2006) Chromatin control and cancer-drug discovery reaUzing the promise. 

The antitumor agent compound 593 A, was isolated from Streptomyces griseoluteus. This compound possesses the /3-chloramine function of the nitrogen mustards, a group of compounds whose derivatives have been incorporated into many synthetic drugs used in cancer chemotherapy. ... 

The most obvious difference between a normal cell and a cancerous one is that control of cell division has been lost in the latter. Since cell division requires synthesis of DNA, the synthesis, structure, and function of DNA have been frequent targets for discovery of antitumor agents. One of the problems with this approach is that some perfectly normal cells in the human body also turn over rapidly, including the cells in the bone marrow that eventually lead to the blood cells and the cells that line the gut. It is not surprising that the dose-limiting toxicity of many cancer drugs is damage to the bone marrow or the gut. 

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