Chromatography droplet counter current

Protoplumericin and plumieride can be extracted from the methanol extract of Allamanda neriifolina stems [117] by droplet counter-current chromatography. Crude extract, obtained from 1.6 kg of plant material, was successively partitioned with benzene, chloro-... 

In order to obtain sufficient quantities of these phytoecdysones for more detailed biological studies, droplet counter-current chromatography (DCCC) was adapted . DCCC Is an especially efficient method for the preparative separation of polar compounds like the phytoecdysones. Thus with DCCC, while requiring only small volumes of solvent, more than 50 mg of each of the Ajuga phytoecdysones were rapidly and nondestructlvely separated and fully recovered (Fig. 6) from each 500 mg Injection. 

Strauss, C.R., Gooley, R.R., Wilson, B., Williams, R.J. (1987c). Application of droplet counter-current chromatography to the analysis of conjugated forms of terpenoids, phenols and other constituents of grape juice. J. Agric. Food Chem., 35, 519-524. 

Otsuka, K. Yamakawa, T. The apphcation of droplet counter-current chromatography (DCC) forthe separation of acidic glycolipids. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 1981,90,247-254. Kim, Y. Wang, T.C. Ma, Y.C. Liquid chromatography/ mass spectrometry of phosphohpids using electrospray ionization. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 3977. 

Hostettmann,K. Hostettmann, M Marston, A., Isolation of Natural Products by Droplet Counter-Current Chromatography and Related Methods. Nat. Prod. Rep. 1984, 1, 471. 

Domon, B. Hostettmann, M. Hostettmann, K., Droplet counter-current chromatography with nonaqueous solvent systems. /. Chromatography 1982,246,133. 

G.c.-Fourier-transform i.r. appears to be a technique of great potential for the identification of monoterpenes in plant extracts in some cases it is claimed to be superior to g.c.-m.s. but generally the methods are complementary.68 Another recent procedure is droplet counter-current chromatography which is a modification... 

Starfish (Styracaster caroli) were collected at a depth of 2000 m between the islands of Thio and Lifou (New Caledonia). Polar (aqueous and acetone) extracts of the starfish yielded three unique polyhydroxylated steroidal amines with an unusual 20-epicholanic skeleton, carolisterols A and B (39-41). The separation was achieved by column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20), droplet counter current chromatography, and reversed-phase HPLC (34). 

The modification of the epoxides on ring A of these dilactones has been re-examined with results that are at variance with previous reports. The technique of droplet counter-current chromatography has led Jo the separation of some further dilactones (49)—(51) from the roots of Podocarpus nagi. 

Berberine, coptisine, and /3-stylopine methohydroxide have been isolated from Papaver rhoeas L., berberine, berberubine, isocorypalmine, and thalifendine from Thalictrum dioicum, berberine from T. sachalinense, corydaline from Corydalis marschalliana, scoulerine, ophiocarpine, isocorypalmine, and cheilanthifoline from C. vaginans, C. gigantea, and C marschalliana, and ophiocarpine, stylopine, cheilanthifoline, isocorypalmine, and the chlorides of berberine, coptisine, and dehydrocheilanthifoline from C. ophiocarpa. The alkaloids of C. ophiocarpa were separated by droplet counter-current chromatography. ... 

H. Otsuka, Y. Ogihara, and S. Shibata, Isolation of coclaurine from Zizy-phus jujuba by droplet counter current chromatography, Phytochem. 13 (1974), 2016. 

The genus Tabernaemontana (Apocynaceae) is a wellknown source of a variety of indole alkaloids, many of which have pharmacological interest (40). Cell cultures of plants from this genus have been initiated (41) and were found to produce alkaloids. In order to be able to identify the alkaloids an isolation method has been elaborated, using droplet counter current chromatography (DCCC). 

Gradient ion-pair droplet counter current chromatography Tabernaemontana alkaloids (42). 

Fig. 3. Separation of Tabernaemontana alkaloids by means of droplet counter current chromatography compared to a thin-layer chromatograhic separation, y-axis Rf value in TLC system CHCl3-MeOH (9 1) on silica plates X-axis separation in DCCC-system (Table 6).

R. van der Heijden, A. Hermans-Lokkerbol, R. Verpoorte and A. Baerheim Svendsen, Pharmacognostical studies on Tabernaemontana XX. Ion-pair droplet counter-current chromatography of indole alkaloids from suspension cultures,... 

Otsuka et al. (75) reported a high saponin content in a Ginseng corm (a rhizome part on a head of the root) as part of a study on the separation of the saponins by means of droplet counter current chromatography (DCC). 

Otsuka, H., T. Morita, Y. Ogihara, and S. Shibata The Evaluation of Ginseng and its Congeners by Droplet Counter-current Chromatography (DCC). Planta Medica 32, 9 (1977). 

Centrifugal partition chromatography, which operates on a similar basis to droplet counter-current chromatography but with centri-fugally driven droplets, has been applied to the preparative... 

Becker, H., W. C. Hsieh, and C. 0. Verelis, 1981. Droplet counter-current chromatography (DCCC). Erste Erfahrungen mit einem wasserfreien Trennsystem. GTTFachz- Labor. Suppl. Chromatogr, 81 38-40. 

Becker, H., J. Reichling, and W. C. Hsieh, 1982. Water-free solvent system for droplet counter-current chromatography and its suitability for the separation of non-polar substances. > 237 ... 

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