DNA-binding transcription regulator

Perez-Rueda, E., and Collado-Vides, J. (2000) The repertoire of DNA-binding transcriptional regulators in Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 1838-1847. 

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are members of a large superfamily of evolutionarily related DNA-binding transcription factors that regulate programs involved in a broad spectrum of physiological phenomena. 

Fig. 5. Hypothetical scheme for the evolution of heterothallism and secondary homothallism in Mycobionta. For synchronous nuclear division in Benjaminiella multispora, Cokeromyces and Mucor species with respect to primary homothallism, compare Forst and Prillinger [159]. For molecular details, see Hiscock and Kiies [90 and the literature cited therein]. For secondary homothallsim, see Glass et al. [160] and Yun et al. [95]. IC = Intracellular function EC = extracellular function SP = structural proteins which are involved in pheromone binding RP = regulatory proteins which are involved in n-DNA binding and regulation of transcription.

Proteins are part of a dynamic network of biomolecules that interact to regulate their localization and function within the cell. Disruption of this physical and chemical system of interactions has become the first paramount step in performing protein analysis by shotgun proteomics. Protein isolation techniques, for instance, have allowed understanding of the complex dynamics of proteins among cellular subcompartments, such as the nucleolus or the mitochondrion (6). Membrane-embedded proteins (7) and DNA-binding transcription factors (8) are two other prominent examples where inadequate protein extraction may hamper further analysis by LC-MS. 

A question of central interest in the homeobox gene field has been how homeoproteins which act as DNA binding transcription factors, can with a relatively weak specificity of DNA binding, achieve such specificity of action. The chapter by Featherstone explores the mechanisms through which Hox and other homeoproteins achieve specificity in their role as transcriptional regulators (both activators and... 

SoxR Superoxide response DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator... 

R235 T. Shrivastava and T. H. Tahirov, Tree-Dimensional Structures of DNA-Bound Transcriptional Regulators , in Methods in Molecular Biology (New York, NY, United States), ed. I. Ladunga, Springer, 2010, Vol. 674, Computational Biology of Transcription Factor Binding, p. 43. 

Activator Protein-1 (API) comprises transcriptional complexes formed by dimers of members oftheFos, Jun, and ATF family of transcription factors. These proteins contain basic leucine zipper domains that mediate DNA binding and dimerization. They regulate many aspects of cell physiology in response to environmental changes. 

Another example is a recently discovered second mode of action by which nuclear receptors modulate transcription. In contrast to DNA-binding-dependent mechanisms, cross talk refers here to gene regulation by protein-protein-interaction of nuclear receptors with other transcription factors, such as AP-1 or NF-kB. Consequently, the nuclear receptor acts as a corepressor or coactivator of transcription. 

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