Divergence temperature

Note 1 The divergence temperature is the lowest limit of metastable supercooling of the isotropic phase. 

Note 3 The divergence temperature for nematogens can be measured by using the Kerr effect or Cotton-Mouton effect or by light-scattering experiments. 

Thodos used formulae for normal saturated hydrocarbons above and below a so-called divergence temperature Td. Below this point the equation ... 

The proximity of the divergence temperature Tq to the normal Tg (0 < To/ Tg < 1.0) provides one measure of the fragility.Using either the VFT or the WLF equations creates problems because these do not accommodate the fragility of the material in their derivations. 

Figure B3.6.3. Sketch of the coarse-grained description of a binary blend in contact with a wall, (a) Composition profile at the wall, (b) Effective interaction g(l) between the interface and the wall. The different potentials correspond to complete wettmg, a first-order wetting transition and the non-wet state (from above to below). In case of a second-order transition there is no double-well structure close to the transition, but g(l) exhibits a single minimum which moves to larger distances as the wetting transition temperature is approached from below, (c) Temperature dependence of the thickness / of the enriclnnent layer at the wall. The jump of the layer thickness indicates a first-order wetting transition. In the case of a conthuious transition the layer thickness would diverge continuously upon approaching from below.

Figure 20.7 shows that up to 1960 turbine inlet temperatures were virtually the same as the metal temperatures. After 1960 there was a sharp divergence, with inlet temperatures substantially above the temperatures of the blade metal itself - indeed, the gas temperature is greater than the melting point of the blades. Impossible Not at... 

In the cinematic method the airflow in the aperture is understood to be the result of interaction of the air curtain jet and the incident flow. Some of the cinematic methods that were developed did not apply the laws of conservation of the impulse and mechanical energy. These methods did not correspond satisfactorily to test results and were not developed further. In these cases the determination of the jet trajectory does not take into account the effect of the enclosures and the interaction of the jets, and the division of airflows between the room and the outer atmosphere is performed with an arbitrary geometrical construction. The above-mentioned facts lead to divergence of design results and existing test results as to both the release speed and the initial temperature of the air curtain."... 

The air shower principle is effective but the effect may be drastically reduced if specified design parameters are not followed and maintained. If the system is designed for a supply air temperature of 2 °C below general room temperature, a major divergence from that may drastically reduce the desired effect. A large temperature difference will result in a high acceleration of the supply air and therefore a reduced protected volume, especially when a textile tube is used as the inlet air unit. It is also important to avoid high temperature di fferences because of the risk that drafts may cause discomfort for workers. 

A fingerprint of a continuous phase transition is the divergence of the correlation length at the critical temperature 7", with for... 

When the temperature lies in between the wetting temperatures of both substrates, then one substrate is wet and the film thickness on that part diverges when the distance from the boundary between different substrates increases. This divergence is found to be represented by a power law x for... 

We have argued above, that a surface-step at all temperatures above absolute zero fluctuates and that its width diverges with the square root of the length of the step. The reason for this is the non-zero density of kinks along the step, which is approximately proportional to... 

We know that another interesting phenomenon occurs when the temperature increases up to the bulk transition Tj. Previous studies have shown that the APB is wetted by the disordered phase a large layer of disordered phase develops in between the two ordered domains. In other words, the APB is splitted into two order-disorder interfaces, whose separation diverges as In(T), - T). We display in Fig. 5 the 2-dlmensional maps for T=1687 K, i.e. very close to the first-order transition. As expected, we see that the APB separates into two order-disorder interfaces. Moreover, the width of the penetrating disordered layer varies along the APB. This means that each order-disorder interface develops its own transverse fluctuations and that the APB begins to behave as two separate objects. 

Above 570°C, a distinct break occurs in the Arrhenius plot for iron, corresponding to the appearance of FeO in the scale. The Arrhenius plot is then non-linear at higher temperatures. This curvature is due to the wide stoichiometry limits of FeO limits which diverge progressively with increasing temperature. Diffraction studies have shown that complex clusters of vacancies exist in Fe, , 0 Such defect clustering is more prevalent in oxides... 

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