Disposal of sewage sludge

F/uidi ed-BedIncinerator. Fluidized-bed incinerators are employed in the paper and petroleum (qv) industries, in the processing of nuclear wastes, and the disposal of sewage sludge. These are quite versatile and can be used for disposal of soflds, Hquids, and gaseous combustible wastes. 

The basic configuration and features of the multiple hearth incinerator are illustrated in Figure 23. This incinerator is the most prevalent incinerator technology for the disposal of sewage sludge in the U.S. due to it s low ash discharge. Sludge cake enters the furnace at the top. The interior of the furnace is composed of a series of circular refractory hearths, which are stacked one on top... 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993.40 CFR Parts 257,403 and 503. Standards for use or disposal of sewage sludge, page 3, Federal Registry 58.9248-9415. 

Lahann, R.W. 1976. Molybdenum hazard in land disposal of sewage sludge. Water Air Soil Pollut. 6 3-8. 

Table 1. Summary of complaints or problems relating to disposal of sewage sludge to land in the UK (1980 data/4)...

Department of the Environment/National Water Council Standing Committee on the Disposal of Sewage Sludge. Sewage Sludge Survey 1980 Data. Department of the Environment 1983. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT/NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL. (1981). Report of the sub-committee on the disposal of sewage sludges. DoE/NWC Standing Technical Committee Report 20. 

DOE/NWC (1981) Report of the sub-commit-tee on the disposal of sewage sludge to land. Standing Technical Committee Report No. 20. Department of the Environment, London. 

Development of extraction conditions for LAS was performed using sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and agricultural soil from a field which had been used for disposal of sewage sludge several months prior to... 

Figure 11.4 Reuse and disposal of sewage sludge in the UK between 1991 and 2004. Source http //www.environment-agency.gov.uk/.

Standards for Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge, Appendix G — Pollutants Eligible fora Removal Credit Table II —Additional Pollutants Eligible (Proposed)... 

The other sections of the Act requiring permits and licenses include using and disposing of sewage sludge (Section 405), ocean discharge (SecUon 403), and water quality certification (Section 401). The Section 401 certification, obtainable from the state, will show that the project does not violate state water quality standards. 

In Fig. 7.5 two plant flow sheets for the thermal disposal of sewage sludge are shown. Plant (a) uses a fluidized bed incinerator. Before entering the furnace the sewage sludge still has a water content of 43.75 wt%. The calculations for plant (a) were given in the previous section (7.7.1). 

Fig. 7.5 The simplified flow-sheet of two plants for thermal disposal of sewage sludges using a fludizied-bed incinerator (a) and a high-temperature furnace for smeltings combustion (b). Hot gas for the drier operation and the preheated air as well...

Increasingly, attention is being given to how best to dispose of sewage sludge in a safe and acceptable way. 

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