Disorientation, states

Although the disorientation process might be looked upon as a melting process, eq. (9.54) does not give a good estimate of the entropy of fusion of polymers. A more reasonable approach is to introduce the mean square displacement length of the actual chain in its unperturbed state [7], The number of such units would then replace r in eq. (9.54), but one still needs to determine the coordination number z in an independent manner. 

Confusion A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation, [nih]... 

Disorientation The loss of proper bearings, or a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity. [EU]... 

Subjective effects A state of intoxication occurs with muscimol, characterized by confusion, disorientation, sensory disturbances (e.g., auditory, visual, numbness in the feet, etc.). Also common are fatigue and sedation, followed by sleep. Cognitive ability is diminished. 

Comment Blake is now fully delirious and will continue to be out of touch with reality for many hours, although brief moments of lucidity do occur from time to time. This is a characteristic feature of delirium - variability and occasional awareness of the environment, sometimes with surprisingly appropriate comments or behavior followed by a prompt lapse into total disorientation. As opposed to the normal awake state, in which thoughts and inner stimuli are sometimes distracting, in delirium, the opposite is the case the inner world (although confused) is sometimes invaded by the outer world. 

Delirium. Delirium is an abrupt change in mental status often accompanied by agitation and seemingly psychotic symptoms that may resemble mania. Unlike mania, however, delirium is commonly characterized by a fluctuating level of consciousness and disorientation. The chief precipitants of delirium include infections, medications, and metabolic disturbances. Therefore, all patients who present in an acutely agitated state should undergo a comprehensive yet expeditious medical evaluation to rule out potential causes of delirium. This evaluation must include a thorough physical examination and a battery of laboratory tests. 

Deficiency - Pellagra is a state of niacin deficiency characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia (manifestations of mucous membranes, Gl system, and CNS). In severe cases, confusion, delusions, disorientation, and hallucinations may occur. 

A 55-year-old man complains of disorientation. He cannot remember where he was yesterday and appears confused. Upon examination he appears to be in poor health and admits to a slight problem recently with alcohol. After consultation with his daughter who accompanied him, it appears that alcohol abuse has been a severe problem for the past 35 years. Despite his confusion, his motor skills are normal when allowing for the general state of his health. However, he is subject to fits of rapid eye movements bilaterally. 

Urticaria, hallucinations, and confusion (including delirium, disorientation, confu-sional state, occurring predominantly in the elderly) have been reported. 

This does not appear to be simply an exaggeration of normal dream disorientation, but it certainly does resemble some descriptions of psychedelic drug states. Likewise, the memory enhancement that is typical of normal dreaming is massively exceeded in what sounds for all the world like the description of false memories that subjects in hypnotic trance states often give ... 

Because of disturbing side effects including horrible nightmares, delusions, hallucinations, agitation, delirium, disorientation, and difficulty speaking, PCP use on humans is stopped in the United States. PCP continues to be sold as a veterinary anesthetic under the brand name Sernylan. 

At higher doses, ketamine leads to pronounced changes in judgment, distorted vision, auditory hallucinations, such as humming or buzzing, and marked disorientation. Some users report a profound impact on the perception of time, which appears to slow to a complete halt in the emergent, or heavily hallucinatory state. 

Combining Rohypnol with other substances makes the physical reactions and sensations longer and more intense. In the United States, the most frequent combined use of Rohypnol is with alcohol. This combination can produce dizziness and feelings of disorientation within as little as 10 minutes. It may also cause the... 

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