Disinfection dynamics

It will be recalled (sechon 1) that research on the time course of the disinfection process was carried out making extensive use of viable counts, and notions concerning the dynamics of the disinfechon process were gathered by these means. 

This lesion was reeognized early as being one effect of many disinfectant substances. The membrane, as well as providing a dynamic link between metabolism and transport, serves to maintain the pool of metabolites within it. 

The UV radiation disinfects germs in an aqueous system, which can be operated as plug flow, continuous flow, or other modes. The killing efficiency is controlled by many factors, which can be classified into two aspects disinfection kinetics and flow dynamics. Like many other processes in both chemical and environmental engineering, the mathematical modeling of the UV disinfection can be started from simulation of distribution of flow velocity together with definition of suitable kinetic model(s). The disinfection effect in terms of survival of pathogens as a function of operational conditions such as time and dose can then be estimated. Since the mathematical models involve many unknown parameters that must be experimentally determined, they are mainly... 

Wavelength, m, or Empirical coefficient Empirical coefficients Empirical coefficients Advanced oxidation process Base excision repair Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5-d Biochemical Oxygen Demand Computational fluid dynamics Chemical oxygen demand Disinfection byproducts Deoxyribonucleic acid Heterotrophic plate count Low-pressure Low-pressure high-output Low-pressure low-output... 

GAJ Ayliffe. Surgical scrub and skin disinfection. Infect Control 5(l) 23-27, 1984. JA Ulrich. Dynamics of bacterial skin populations. In H Maibach, G Hildick-Smith, eds. Skin Bacteria and Their Role in Infection. New York McGraw-Hill, 1965, pp. 219-234. 

An extensive Australian evaluation of cost components included static and dynamic trials with various detergents, disinfectants, and household cleaners, as well as the soft Risdon tap water. It was concluded that a ZA-12 type of alloy is adequate for drainage fittings and only slightly inferior to 63/37 brass. 

Effects of different lamp arrangements on photocatalytic reactor performance have not been well studied. Recently, Xu et al. used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation software FLUENT to simulate microorganism particle motion in various UV water disinfection reactors. The influence of lamp arrangements on the UV-FR field and log reduction of different UV water disinfection photoreactors were studied under various flow rates and constant UV dosage. In the experiment, direction, number, and orientation of lamps were diverged. The results showed that... 

---