Diethylene glycol, oxidation

Actinide ions form complex ions with a large number of organic substances (12). Their extractabiUty by these substances varies from element to element and depends markedly on oxidation state. A number of important separation procedures are based on this property. Solvents that behave in this way are thbutyl phosphate, diethyl ether [60-29-7J, ketones such as diisopropyl ketone [565-80-5] or methyl isobutyl ketone [108-10-17, and several glycol ether type solvents such as diethyl CeUosolve [629-14-1] (ethylene glycol diethyl ether) or dibutyl Carbitol [112-73-2] (diethylene glycol dibutyl ether). 

Diester/Ether Diol of Tetrabromophthalic Anhydride. This material [77098-07-8] is prepared from TBPA in a two-step reaction. First TBPA reacts with diethylene glycol to produce an acid ester. The acid ester and propylene oxide then react to give a diester. The final product, a triol having two primary and one secondary hydroxyl group, is used exclusively as a flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foam (53,54). 

This hquid contains 27% chlorine and 12% phosphoms. It is made from ethylene oxide, diethylene glycol, and phosphoms oxychloride (80). It is available ia the United States and Japan from Daihachi. 

Nonblack fillers such as the precipitated siHcas can reduce both rate and state of cure. The mechanism appears to be one of a competitive reaction between mbber and filler for the zinc oxide activator. Use of materials such as diethylene glycol or triethanolamine prevents this competition thereby maintaining the desired cure characteristics. Neutral fillers such as calcium carbonate (whiting) and clays have Httie or no effect on the cure properties. 

Addition of two moles of oxide gives the monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol. 

Reactions of part of the glycol with ethylene oxide to form diethylene glycol. 

The blend is partially crosslinked with a vinyl monomer when dissolved in an organic aprotic solvent and has a pH of 5.0 or lower. The first block copolymer is prepared by polycondensing a bis-hydroxyalkyl ether, such as dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and the like, with propylene oxide. Next, the resulting propoxylated diol is reacted with ethylene oxide to produce the block copolymer. The second copolymer is prepared by polycondensing 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, commonly known as TRIS, with... 

The chain decomposition of hydroperoxides was proved and studied for hydroperoxides produced by the oxidation of polyesters such as dicaprilate of diethylene glycol and tetra-valerate of erythritol [140], The retarding action of phenolic antioxidant on the decay of hydroperoxides was observed. The initial rate of hydroperoxide decomposition was found to depend on the hydroperoxide concentration in accordance with the kinetic equation typical for the induced chain decomposition. 

More recently, Pearce and Heydeman suggested non-oxidative removal of ethylene glycol units as acetaldehyde by a membrane-bound, oxygen-sensitive enzyme of a novel type, i.e., diethylene glycol lyase (18). Schoberl suggested that PEG was catabolized by Ci step, liberating formate which was metabolized by a serine pathway (19). 

Dunkelberg H Carcinogenic activity of ethylene oxide and its reaction products 2-chloroethanol, 2-bromoethanol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. I. Carcinogenicity of ethylene oxide in comparison with 1,2-propylene oxide after subcutaneous administration in mice. 7M Bakt Hyg I Abt OrigB 174 383-404, 1981... 

Diethylene glycol is produced as a by-product in the manufacture of ethylene glycol from hydrolysis of ethylene oxide. It is separated from the ethylene glycol by vacuum distillation. 

Automobile Antifreeze. Ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol are used as automobile antifreeze, and are produced by the reactions of ethylene oxide with water, as follows ... 

In a similar way, 1,4-oxathian-2-one and l,4-dioxan-2-one were obtained from the condensation of thioglycolic acid and glycolic acid, respectively <1979J(P1)1893, 1998T11445>, and from palladium-catalyzed <1999JOC6750> or oxoammonium salt <2004JOC5116> oxidations of 2,2 -thiodiethanol or diethylene glycol. Asymmetric syntheses... 

Spherical amorphous particles of zinc oxide were prepared by hydrolyzing zinc acetate solutions in the presence of diethylene glycol (111), or zinc nitrate solutions containing triethanolamine (28). 

Mixing of the crystalline ingredients of oxidant, fuel elastomer binder (butadiene-2-methyl-5 vinyl-pyridine copolymer plasticized with the formal of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether) 26% by vol is done in a sigma blade mixer. The completed mix is blocked in a hydraulic press to form a chge suitable for extrusion. The extruded strand is cut into grain blanks which are cured at... 

Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Diethyleneimide Oxide Diethylene Imidoxide Di(Ethylene Oxide)... 

Hydroxylamine Sulfate Diethylene Glycol Beta-Propiolactone Nitrogen Tetroxide Ethylene Oxide Benzophenone Benzophenone Diethylene Glycol Oxygen, Liquefied Dibenzoyl Peroxide Catechol Cresols... 

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