Design Principle of Porous Polymers

The book was initially eonstrueted with a historical development sequenee of porous polymers eombined with illustrations of structure-property correlations. Eaeh ehapter provides an example of a particular element of porous polymers. Chapter 1 provides a summary of porous polymers and discusses the relationship between structure and function. In Chapter 2, the design principles of porous polymers are diseussed and modification methods are introdueed, while Chapter 3 introduees the synthetic routes and reactions used in polymerization. An understanding of these reactions is essential if we are to understand the origin of the ordered or amorphous structure of porous polymers. Chapter 4 describes the first porous polymers, developed in the 1990s and named hypercrosslinked polymers or Davankov-type resins. Chapter 5 focuses on the first soluble polymer with intrinsic microporosity that was reported in 2002. Meanwhile, Chapter 6... 

This principle is applied not only to the PVA-PVAc composites but to other polymer composites. The composite structure does not always need to be porous but may be powders and gels designed for the wettability by solvents and the extension of the surface area in soluble polymers. From this point-of-view, the present work sheds a new light on the research on composite materials related to graft polymers and copolymers. 

In this chapter we describe the basic principles involved in the controlled production and modification of two-dimensional protein crystals. These are synthesized in nature as the outermost cell surface layer (S-layer) of prokaryotic organisms and have been successfully applied as basic building blocks in a biomolecular construction kit. Most importantly, the constituent subunits of the S-layer lattices have the capability to recrystallize into iso-porous closed monolayers in suspension, at liquid-surface interfaces, on lipid films, on liposomes, and on solid supports (e.g., silicon wafers, metals, and polymers). The self-assembled monomolecular lattices have been utilized for the immobilization of functional biomolecules in an ordered fashion and for their controlled confinement in defined areas of nanometer dimension. Thus, S-layers fulfill key requirements for the development of new supramolecular materials and enable the design of a broad spectrum of nanoscale devices, as required in molecular nanotechnology, nanobiotechnology, and biomimetics [1-3]. 

---